西班牙马德里健康服务中心

Municipal Healthcare Centres
设计方：Estudio Entresitio
位置：西班牙 马德里
竣工：2010年


建筑面积: 5430.82 平方米
摄影师: Roland Halbe， Raúl Belinchón

对于现代建筑来说，一个设计在三个不同的地点重复使用是很难得的经历，项目始于一次不同寻常的设计竞赛，是为同一个客户（马德里市议会）设计两个健康服务中心，同样的预算、同样的功能，两块用地周围都是各种无名的社会住宅，但是环境各不相同。设计师对这一情况的解决方法是，设计一座“没有场地感”的建筑，无论建设在哪里都能适用。为了强调内部空间的价值，设计师引用了LeCorbusierian“在对立中和解”的概念。外部看上去封闭而稳重，内部却开放而充满阳光。所有的功能都排布在这个面积很大的单层建筑中，房间的设置遵循着松散而不规则的网格，排成平行的三列，十三个天井呈Z字形排列，穿插在那些公共或私人空间之间。室内和院落之间的视觉穿透性使得空间显得更开阔。与充满光感的室内相反，从平台开始，建筑的外部表现为连续封闭的体块，由于外墙上没有任何开窗，内部与外界的联系仅仅是垂直方向上的，几乎就只有天空。玻璃中透射与反射的形象重叠在一起，形成了丰富的视觉体验。第二个地点是Usera，最终选择了金色的金属表皮。第三座建筑是位于维拉维尔德的服务中心，客户决定继续采用同样的设计。最终结构上采用了更轻质的钢结构，表皮为不透明——透明的不同种类的玻璃幕墙，开始与外界建立了水平方向上的联系。

Do you remember that Bill Murray’s movie from the nineties called “groundhog day”? In the film， each day was the same day and from 7am it started all over again， one time after another. Going seriously， it has been crazy at times but mostly rewarding to have the chance of building three times the exact floor plan. It all started with an unusual competition for doing two centres for the same client (Madrid’s city council)， with the same budget and the same functional program but only two different sites. Sites were in both cases quite irrelevant environments with anonymous social housing surroundings.Our answer to those initial conditions was to work with the idea of a “placeless building”. A great sense of formal+functional+conceptual autonomy was required to allow the building develop no matter where. To emphasize the spatial value of the interior， we resorted to the LeCorbusierian idea of “reconciliation of opposites”. The hermetic and heavy image of the exterior precedes the open and light space of the interior.The program for the healthcare centre is implemented extensively on a single ground floor. The different rooms of the program are organized on a loose irregular orthogonal grid， where thirteen patios are arranged in a zigzag pattern between the public and private rooms along three parallel (non)-corridors. There is a non stop visual continuity across interiors and courtyards that provides space enlargement.In opposition to this light system， split up by the patios， the solid and heavy fa?ade is conceived as a continuous windowless mass. The absence of hollows in the vertical walls of the exterior enclosure causes the relationship between the interior and exterior of the building to occur vertically， almost with the sky above. The glass panels do not define patios， but hollows in the horizontal fa?ade of the exterior shell of the building， creating a vertical relationship that allows an isotropic interior space to be generated. The transparency and mirroring qualities of the glass creates multiple visions by reflected symmetry.Usera’s centre follows， completing the work chances that materials such as concrete， glass and tiles had to offer in search of identity. A golden metal skin is the moving forward strategy needed to accomplish a positive direction in the construction process and also the reason for changing ceramic tiles colour to white. It was possible to soften the scar between exterior and interior by using a tectonic structure covered with panels， opaque but polished， translucent or transparent. New materials needed new rules and the result is more atmospheric.
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