赏析里加设计艺术学院的木构重建

© Ansis Starks 这个木质的学校建筑的改造工程由欧盟文化遗产基金会于2001年发起。目的是为了吸引公众关注被忽视的木质建筑遗产的保护。以里加设计艺术学院这个木质建筑为平台，展示木构建筑的独特品质，并展现当代改造的魅力。在未来十年内，欧洲区域发展基金会将为这些改造项目提供相应的经济支持。 From the architect. The reconstruction project of the wooden school building was initiated by Europa Nostra foundation in 2001. The purpose of the project was to draw public attention to preservation of neglected wooden architecture heritage by developing an example which would reveal the unique qualities of Riga’s wooden buildings and show contemporary way to their renovation. It was possible to start the reconstruction work only ten years later when European Regional Development Fund financed the project. © Ansis Starks 原先的卡特里娜学校建于1820年，是里加最古老的采用木质结构的学校建筑。两百年来，它依旧保留着其教育功能，现在这里成为里加设计艺术学院。改造项目的主旨是尽可能复原19世纪早期的木构建筑。为此，分析、理解并恢复历史规模、功能和统一的细节显得至关重要，从而适应现代学校的功能。为了确保可持续性和在当下与未来合理使用历史建筑，所选的改造方法为形式为表、功能为本。 The former Katrina School was built in 1820. It is the oldest wooden school building in Riga, which for two hundred years has retained its educational function, now housing Riga School of Design and Art. The main objective of the renovation project was to restore the architectonic presence of the early 19th century wooden building as close to the original as possible. To this end, it was essential to analyze, understand and reveal the historical size, functions and unity of detail so as to adapt the building to the functional needs of a modern school as gently as possible. To ensure sustainability and rational use of the historical building both at present and in the future, the chosen renovation approach could be formulated as foreground semantics and background functionality. Floor Plan/平面图 © Ansis Starks © Ansis Starks © Ansis Starks 首要任务是有序布置平面图，这意味着需要理清这个房子在经过多次装修后被掩盖起来的结构和对称轴。其次是要让人们感知到建筑使用的古老的自然材料。整齐的原木展示着其内置的品质，无疑决定了室内的氛围。第三个决定设计的因素是增加的全新元素、形式和材料。这个建筑现有两个新的木质楼梯、木质和铝制结构框架的玻璃隔断和铝制天窗。所有这些室内环境可以认为是新时代的产物。这些要素简洁明了，没有一味地沿袭历史建筑的细节。后期后院将进行拆除扩建，原来的原木立面也将进行翻新。屋顶的S形的粘土砖和带有彩绘的屋面铁也会进行修复。 The first task was to put the floor plans of the building in order, which meant uncovering the strict structure and symmetrical axes buried under the labyrinth formed in the course of the multiple renovations. Another factor that contributed to a certain feeling in the building was the old natural materials, first and foremost, the wood, which, uncovered and tidied up, revealed its built-in qualities and undoubtedly determines the atmosphere of the interior. The third aspect involved decisions regarding the addition of completely new elements, forms and materials. The building now has two new wooden staircases, glass crosswalls in wooden and aluminium constructions and aluminium skylights. All of these can be read in the context of the interior as a contribution of the new era. These were completed laconically, without copying the historical details of the building. The backyard extensions of later periods were demolished and the log facades in their original look were renovated. The roof with S shaped clay tiles and painted roofing iron was restored. © Ansis Starks © Ansis Starks © Ansis Starks 设计师在对这个木质建筑进行评估时就确立了其室内设计的理念是保持房间的简洁性。壁炉的供热改造是改造的一个非常重要的部分。这栋建筑之前从没有通过暖气，因此学校的管理团队和设计团队达成一致意见：加热壁炉必须保留。 The concept of the interior for the wooden house was formed from the conclusion arrived at during the evaluation of the building that the rooms have always been very simple. Heating by woodstove was a very important part of the renovation concept. The building has never had central heating, therefore the administration of the school and the design team were in complete agreement: heating by woodstove must be retained even after the renovation of the building. © Ansis Starks © Ansis Starks © Ansis Starks © Ansis Starks © Ansis Starks © Ansis Starks © Ansis Starks © Ansis Starks © Ansis Starks Site Plan/场地平面图 Floor Plan/平面图 Section/剖面图 Section/剖面图 Detail/细节 Detail/细节 © Ansis Starks 建筑设计单位：Zaigas Gailes birojs 地点：拉脱维亚 里加 项目负责人：Zaiga Gaile, Liene Griezīte, Iveta Cibule, Ingmārs Atavs, Ineta Solzemniece-Saleniece, Dāvis Gasuls, Kristīne Riba 面积：897.0平方米 项目时间：2013年 照片提供：Ansis Starks 施工：“Abora”有限责任公司和“AG”有限责任公司 委托人：拉脱维亚里加设计艺术学院 Architects: Zaigas Gailes birojs Location: Lāčplēša iela 55, Latgales priekšpilsēta, Rīga, LV-1011, Latvia Architect In Charge: Zaiga Gaile, Liene Griezīte, Iveta Cibule, Ingmārs Atavs, Ineta Solzemniece-Saleniece, Dāvis Gasuls, Kristīne Riba Area: 897.0 sqm Year: 2013 Photographs: Ansis Starks Construction: “Abora”Ltd. and “AG” Ltd. Client: Foundation Latvia Nostra, Riga School of Design and Art

© Ansis Starks 来自专筑编辑丁思源，范偲慧的报道。这个木质的学校建筑的改造工程由欧盟文化遗产基金会于2001年发起。目的是为了吸引公众关注被忽视的木质建筑遗产的保护。以里加设计艺术学院这个木质建筑为平台，展示木构建筑的独特品质，并展现当代改造的魅力。在未来十年内，欧洲区域发展基金会将为这些改造项目提供相应的经济支持。 From the architect. The reconstruction project of the wooden school building was initiated by Europa Nostra foundation in 2001. The purpose of the project was to draw public attention to preservation of neglected wooden architecture heritage by developing an example which would reveal the unique qualities of Riga’s wooden buildings and show contemporary way to their renovation. It was possible to start the reconstruction work only ten years later when European Regional Development Fund financed the project. © Ansis Starks 原先的卡特里娜学校建于1820年，是里加最古老的采用木质结构的学校建筑。两百年来，它依旧保留着其教育功能，现在这里成为里加设计艺术学院。改造项目的主旨是尽可能复原19世纪早期的木构建筑。为此，分析、理解并恢复历史规模、功能和统一的细节显得至关重要，从而适应现代学校的功能。为了确保可持续性和在当下与未来合理使用历史建筑，所选的改造方法为形式为表、功能为本。 The former Katrina School was built in 1820. It is the oldest wooden school building in Riga, which for two hundred years has retained its educational function, now housing Riga School of Design and Art. The main objective of the renovation project was to restore the architectonic presence of the early 19th century wooden building as close to the original as possible. To this end, it was essential to analyze, understand and reveal the historical size, functions and unity of detail so as to adapt the building to the functional needs of a modern school as gently as possible. To ensure sustainability and rational use of the historical building both at present and in the future, the chosen renovation approach could be formulated as foreground semantics and background functionality. Floor Plan/平面图 © Ansis Starks © Ansis Starks © Ansis Starks 首要任务是有序布置平面图，这意味着需要理清这个房子在经过多次装修后被掩盖起来的结构和对称轴。其次是要让人们感知到建筑使用的古老的自然材料。整齐的原木展示着其内置的品质，无疑决定了室内的氛围。第三个决定设计的因素是增加的全新元素、形式和材料。这个建筑现有两个新的木质楼梯、木质和铝制结构框架的玻璃隔断和铝制天窗。所有这些室内环境可以认为是新时代的产物。这些要素简洁明了，没有一味地沿袭历史建筑的细节。后期后院将进行拆除扩建，原来的原木立面也将进行翻新。屋顶的S形的粘土砖和带有彩绘的屋面铁也会进行修复。 The first task was to put the floor plans of the building in order, which meant uncovering the strict structure and symmetrical axes buried under the labyrinth formed in the course of the multiple renovations. Another factor that contributed to a certain feeling in the building was the old natural materials, first and foremost, the wood, which, uncovered and tidied up, revealed its built-in qualities and undoubtedly determines the atmosphere of the interior. The third aspect involved decisions regarding the addition of completely new elements, forms and materials. The building now has two new wooden staircases, glass crosswalls in wooden and aluminium constructions and aluminium skylights. All of these can be read in the context of the interior as a contribution of the new era. These were completed laconically, without copying the historical details of the building. The backyard extensions of later periods were demolished and the log facades in their original look were renovated. The roof with S shaped clay tiles and painted roofing iron was restored. © Ansis Starks © Ansis Starks © Ansis Starks 设计师在对这个木质建筑进行评估时就确立了其室内设计的理念是保持房间的简洁性。壁炉的供热改造是改造的一个非常重要的部分。这栋建筑之前从没有通过暖气，因此学校的管理团队和设计团队达成一致意见：加热壁炉必须保留。 The concept of the interior for the wooden house was formed from the conclusion arrived at during the evaluation of the building that the rooms have always been very simple. Heating by woodstove was a very important part of the renovation concept. The building has never had central heating, therefore the administration of the school and the design team were in complete agreement: heating by woodstove must be retained even after the renovation of the building. © Ansis Starks © Ansis Starks © Ansis Starks © Ansis Starks © Ansis Starks © Ansis Starks © Ansis Starks © Ansis Starks © Ansis Starks Site Plan/场地平面图 Floor Plan/平面图 Section/剖面图 Section/剖面图 Detail/细节 Detail/细节 © Ansis Starks 建筑设计单位：Zaigas Gailes birojs 地点：拉脱维亚 里加 项目负责人：Zaiga Gaile, Liene Griezīte, Iveta Cibule, Ingmārs Atavs, Ineta Solzemniece-Saleniece, Dāvis Gasuls, Kristīne Riba 面积：897.0平方米 项目时间：2013年 照片提供：Ansis Starks 施工：“Abora”有限责任公司和“AG”有限责任公司 委托人：拉脱维亚里加设计艺术学院 Architects: Zaigas Gailes birojs Location: Lāčplēša iela 55, Latgales priekšpilsēta, Rīga, LV-1011, Latvia Architect In Charge: Zaiga Gaile, Liene Griezīte, Iveta Cibule, Ingmārs Atavs, Ineta Solzemniece-Saleniece, Dāvis Gasuls, Kristīne Riba Area: 897.0 sqm Year: 2013 Photographs: Ansis Starks Construction: “Abora”Ltd. and “AG” Ltd. Client: Foundation Latvia Nostra, Riga School of Design and Art

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