城市轨道交通能馈式牵引供电系统故障诊断及保护方法研究

对城轨牵引供电系统进行故障诊断和保护的主要目的,是在最大程度上保障其供电的可靠性和连续性,缩短系统的停电维修时间。能馈式牵引供电系统作为一种新型的城轨牵引供电系统在国内外尚无应用先例,因而其故障诊断和保护方法上的研究成果较少。本文深入分析了能馈式牵引供电系统的故障诊断和保护方法与现有方法之间的区别,在此基础上对下列三个方面进行了研究：在能馈式牵引供电装置的主回路故障诊断方面,本文研究了大功率PWM整流器主回路故障的电流特征和电压特征,分析了二者的成因,并给出了电流故障特征存在的临界条件及其影响因素的作用规律。文中基于大功率PWM整流器在故障特征上的特殊性,使用标幺化均值分别对其电流故障特征和电压故障特征进行辨识,在城轨牵引供电的复杂工况下实现了对大功率PWM整流器主回路故障器件的准确诊断。在牵引供电系统电网故障元件的定位方面,本文将面向对象的有色Petri网理论(OOCPN)应用于城轨牵引供电系统的结线分析过程,建立了城轨牵引供电系统结线分析的OOCPN模型,并在模型的各令牌中引入了成员属性和成员方法的概念以全面描述结线分析和故障域产生的整个过程。文中结合保护信息对OOCPN模型得到的故障域进行反向推理搜索,最终在城轨牵引供电系统中实现了电网故障模式的识别、故障元件的定位以及对直流开关的误动和拒动情况的评价。在牵引变电所内的直流保护方面,本文分析了能馈式牵引供电系统与传统牵引供电系统在短路特性上的差别,并研究了能馈式牵引供电系统对牵引变电所内的直流保护功能提出的新要求。文中在此基础上深入研究了能馈式牵引变电所直流保护系统的设置原则、整定方法以及动作配合关系,提出了所内直流保护系统各组成部分的详细配置方案。最后,本文基于分层分布的思想构建了能馈式牵引供电系统的综合自动化体系,研究了上述三个方面的成果在综合自动化系统中的实现问题,并提出了一种基于以太网和虚拟仪器技术的主监控单元综合监控软件设计方案。本文的研究成果填补了城轨能馈式牵引供电系统故障诊断和保护方法上的研究空白,在提高城轨牵引供电系统的综合自动化水平方面将起到积极作用 电加热器The
aim for fault diagnosis and protection of supply system in mass transit is to guarantee the reliability and continuity of the supply system at the most degree, and to reduce the time for repairment with power off. As a novel supply system in mass transit, the world has seen no energy-fed supply system, and the fault diagnosis and protection of it has not been widely and deeply studied. Based on the difference between the fault diagnosis and protection of energy-fed supply system and the conventional supply system, this paper features the study on the following three aspects:On the fault diagnosis of the main circuit of energy-fed supply set, this paper deals with the current and voltage characteristics of large-capacity PWM rectifier, as well as the origin of them, and critical conditions and influencing factors of the current fault characteristic. Based on the peculiarity of the fault characteristics of large-capacity PWM rectifier, this paper proposes the adoption of normalized average for the recognition of its current and voltage fault characteristics, and which is proven to be effective against a complex background from the load in mass transit.On the location of element with fault inside the supply system, this paper applies the theory of Object-oriented Colored Petri-Nets (OOCPN) into the field of topology analysis of supply system in mass transit, and builds an OOCPN model for the topology analysis thereafter. By introducing member attributes and methods into the token of OOCPN, a comprehensive representation of the node from topology analysis is achieved, which is also the case with the production of fault region. By backward reasoning of the fault region, it is made real the recognition of the fault mode in the grid, the location of the element with fault, as well as the judgment of the mis-tripping and error-tripping of DC breakers.On the DC protection configuration inside a substation, it is analyzed the difference of short-circuit characteristics between energy-fed supply system and conventional supply system, as well as the new requirements asserted by the former one on DC protection configuration. Based on the conclusion from the stage above, this paper studies on the configuration principle, the setting criteria and the action coordination and sequence of the DC protection system, and finally comes up with a detailed configuration structure of it.Finally, the integrated automation system of energy-fed supply system is designed, out of the concept of hierarchical and distributed structure, and oriented to the realization of the achievements from the three aspects above. It is also proposed a novel comprehensive monitoring and control platform in the central unit inside a substation, developed with Ethernet and virtual instrument technology.The results from the study introduced in this paper fill the gaps in the fault diagnosis and protection of energy-fed supply system, and will act as an effective promotion for the automation level of supply system in mass transi