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典雅、大气的办公建筑——外立面的处理、后退和露台

发布于：2021-04-08 09:41:08 来自：建筑设计/公共建筑设计 [复制转发]

Make Architects完成了伦敦Derwent有史以来最大的项目，一个拥有32.1万平方英尺办公空间和4.5万平方英尺住宅(包括社会住房)的多功能项目。

该项目位于菲茨罗维亚的夏洛特街80号，在其体量和构成上，城市和街道脉络的融合具有固有的城市特色。包括一个小型的新公共花园，增加了这个城市的品质。

Make Architects has completed Derwent London’s largest-ever project, a mixed-use scheme with 321,000ft2 of office space and 45,000ft2 of residential accommodation including social housing. Located at 80 Charlotte Street in Fitzrovia, the project is inherently urban in its integration of the city and street context, both in its massing and composition. The inclusion of a small new public garden and retail add to this civic quality.

该方案包括一个主要用于商业办公的大型建筑(夏洛特街80号)，一个角落的私人出租公寓(夏洛特公寓)和相邻的两层办公公寓(Asta House)的新公寓街区。

The scheme comprises a large island site of largely commercial office use (80 Charlotte Street), with a corner of private rental flats (Charlotte Apartments) and an adjacent block of new apartments above two floors of office accommodation (Asta House).

该项目位于夏洛特街80号的岛式地块，原为上世纪60年代的邮局总部，之前被Saatchi公司占用。这座主楼占地90米，已被合并为一栋建筑。

该建筑富有想象力地将现有结构与新建元素相结合，并以不同的立面处理、后退和露台为特征。

这种技术将建筑从外部分割成一个看似较小的规模，同时仍然保留了深邃而灵活的平面。波士顿咨询公司和奥雅纳公司的总部均已出租办公空间；后者也是该项目的工程师。

The project’s island site at 80 Charlotte Street was originally built as a 1960s post office headquarters and previously occupied by Saatchi & Saatchi. This main block is 90m square and has been combined into one building. The architecture imaginatively combines the existing fabric with new-build elements, and is characterised by varying facade treatments, setbacks and terraces. This technique fragments the block externally into a seemingly smaller scale while still retaining deep, flexible floorplans. The office space has been let as headquarters for both Boston Consulting Group and Arup; the latter is also the engineer on the project.

在设计的初期，Make就选择将现有建筑的核心区迁移并整合到规划的中心，这样三个中庭就可以点缀每个角落，并吸引光线和通风。

From very early in the design process, Make opted to relocate and consolidate the cores of the existing buildings into the centre of the plan so that three atria could punctuate each corner and draw in light and ventilation.

随着项目的发展，这一关键的设计举措仍然存在，并一直是该方案的重要驱动力。这些中庭也表明了外墙覆层的分割点，当从街道上看时，提供了一个明显的体量突破。进入采光井和框架窗台的景观模仿了周围联排别墅的节奏和规模，有助于激发街景的活力。

As the project evolved, this key design move remained and has been the essential driver for the scheme. These atria also indicate the point where the cladding is divided on the facades to provide a perceived break in the volume when viewed from the street. Views into the lightwells and framed window bays mimic the rhythm and scale of the surrounding townhouses, helping to animate the streetscape.

新建筑比原来的建筑高出三层，从七层到十层。新的水平被后退，以减少质量，整合与上下文，并提供露台与无可比拟的意见，在菲茨罗维亚，附近的英国电信塔，并向城市和河流。

The new building is three floors higher than the original, taking it from seven to ten storeys. The new levels are set back to reduce the mass, integrating with the context and providing terraces with unrivalled views over Fitzrovia, the nearby BT Tower, and out towards the City and the river.

外立面融合了新旧，以不同的纹理、材料和形式的丰富组合来反映周围的区域。定制的百叶板混凝土包裹了半个街区，并以深色的窗帘框住了后退的窗户。

惠菲尔德街保留的部分红砖和黄砖，与Chitty街和夏洛特街正面的丹麦深灰色长条形Petersen砖相得益彰，而夏洛特街的主入口则是一个雕塑式的风化钢门廊。

The facades blend old and new, with a rich mix of different textures, materials and forms to reflect the surrounding area. Bespoke shutterboard concrete wraps half the block and frames the setback windows with deep reveals. Retained portions of red and yellow brick on Whitfield Street are complemented with a dark grey long-format Petersen brick from Denmark fronting Chitty Street and Charlotte Street, while a sculptural weathered steel portico marks the main entrance on Charlotte Street.

材料的调色板也流向了室内，中庭采用百叶板混凝土，入口区域采用黑色混凝土地板，接待处采用丹麦橡木木地板，整个建筑采用外露的钢结构框架。

设计中的光影对比--例如，入口处的顺序开始是一个单层空间，然后出现在中庭下的全高主接待处。

The material palette flows into the interior too, with shutterboard concrete expressed on the atria, a black concrete floor in the entrance areas, Danish oak timber flooring in reception, and an exposed structural steel frame throughout. The design contrasts light and shadow – for example, the entrance sequence begins as a single-storey space before emerging into the full-height main reception under the atrium.

由于惠特菲尔德街保留的外立面决定了现有的3.3米左右的低楼层高度，通过短跨结构框架解决了这一问题。马可与奥雅纳紧密合作，将结构和服务区整合在一起，以最大限度地提高楼层高度，同时保持服务区的原设计意图。

The existing low floor-to-floor height of around 3.3m – as dictated by the retained facades on Whitfield Street – was resolved by a short span structural frame. Make worked closely with Arup to integrate the structure and services zones to maximise the floor heights, with the original design intent for the services to remain exposed.

一楼的设计不仅仅是作为一个商业接待处，还为租户提供了举办活动和社交活动的空间。一个岛式咖啡吧将满足租户和公众的需求，而租户和客人也可以乘坐专用电梯到屋顶露台，在那里，第二个酒吧可以欣赏到北伦敦和伦敦市的美景。

The ground floor has been designed to act as more than a commercial reception, offering space for tenants to use for events and social activities. An island café-bar will cater for both tenants and the public, while tenants and guests can also take a dedicated lift to the roof terrace, where a second bar benefits from stunning views across North London and the City.

除了保留和再利用现有的重要立面外，该建筑被设计成一个全电力建筑，不使用化石燃料、热电联苯或柴油。

取而代之的是可再生电力，或一旦可用的天然气，因此为伦敦能源供应的改变提供了未来的保障。中庭还可以吸收和回收新鲜空气，这些空气可以与可打开的外窗结合，形成混合模式。

As well as retaining and reusing the significant existing facades, the building has been designed as an all-electric building, using no fossil fuel, CHP or diesel. Instead it uses renewable electricity, or gas once it becomes available, therefore future-proofing for a change in London’s energy supply. The atria also pull in and recycle fresh air, which can be combined with openable external windows for a mixed-mode strategy.

该建筑的东南角，以Chitty街和Whitfield街为界，被19个私人出租屋占据，称为夏洛特公寓。

这些房子位于一家咖啡馆之上，咖啡馆向外延伸到诗人公园，这是一个位于Chitty街的新的2580平方英尺的公众可进入的绿色空间，拾取了隐藏在Fitzrovia街道之间的小型公园和广场。雨果-道尔顿（Hugo Dalton）的新雕塑完成了这个项目。

The south-eastern corner of the building, bounded by Chitty Street and Whitfield Street, is occupied by 19 private rented homesknown as the Charlotte Apartments. These sit above a café which spills out into Poets’ Park, a new 2580 ft2 publicly accessible green space on Chitty Street that picks up on the smaller parks and squares hidden between the streets of Fitzrovia. A new sculpture by Hugo Dalton completes the project.

该项目还包括邻近的Asta House建筑，该建筑已被改造成住宅公寓，包括11,000平方英尺的翻新工作场所，现在是工程公司Elliott Wood及其建筑协会联合办公计划的所在地。

The project also includes the neighbouring Asta House building, which has been converted into residential apartments and includes 11,000ft2 of refurbished workplace, now home to engineering firm Elliott Wood and its Building Society co-working initiative.

项目建筑师Jason McColl说。"Make与Derwent在夏洛特街80号的合作已经超过十年了，虽然这期间经济发生了变化，办公室的准则也发生了变化，但这个项目仍然具有现实意义，它拥有梦幻般的社交空间、混合模式通风的选择和绿色能源战略。

这是一个因地制宜的项目，具有真正的手工 "工匠 "感觉；它不是一个同质化的方案，也不是一个 "现成 "的设计。在结构表达上有真正的诚实，钢架和混凝土楼板在整个建筑中都是可见的，建筑形式利用了菲茨罗维亚的特点。其结果看起来就像一些不同的街区，而不是一个。这是一个经得起时间考验的作品。"

Project architect Jason McColl said: “Make has been working with Derwent on 80 Charlotte Street for over a decade, and while in that time the economy has changed and the guidelines for offices have changed, the project has remained relevant, with fantastic social spaces, an option for mixed-mode ventilation and a green energy strategy. This is a site-specific project with a real crafted ‘artisan’ feel; it’s not a homogenous scheme or an ‘off-the-shelf’ design. There’s real honesty in the structural expression, the steel frame and concrete floor slab are visible throughout, and the building form harnesses the character of Fitzrovia. The result looks like a number of different blocks rather than one. This is a piece of city-making which will stand the test of time.”