CASE STUDY - KRANJI HIGH GRADE WATER RECLAMATION PLANT, SING
M. Thompsona, D. Powellb,
(a Senior Process Engineer, Memcor Australia, Windsor, NSW, Australia, b Project Manager, Veolia Water Systems, Singapore)
Abstract: Increased water demand from population and economic growth, environmental needs, change in rainfall, flood contamination of good quality water and over abstraction of groundwater are all factors that continue to create water shortage problems. These changes combined with new legislation are encouraging the development of sustainable water resource strategies. Many national policies now include the promotion of wastewater reuse.
Singapore, like many other major cities throughout Asia, is running short of a key resource – Potable Water. Consequently, the Singapore Ministry of the Environment and the Public Utilities Board (PUB) are planning to reuse up to 200 ML/d of treated effluent, both for industry and for indirect potable reuse.
This paper discusses the dual membrane treatment system installed at Kranji in the north of the Singapore Island, and in particular the microfiltration pretreatment as a practical and economical choice for reuse. Initially, the Kranji High Grade Water Reclamation Plant (HGWRP), or NEWater plant, will supply industry including the microelectronics industry, with a small amount supplied for indirect potable reuse. The Singapore Government intend to eventually supplement up to 2.5% of it’s drinking water with NEWater from reuse plants like Kranji.
CMF-S Recovery
90 %
> 92 %
Increased recovery by using CMF-S Inserts
4.2 Membrane Integrity
The combined treatment systems of CMF, RO and UV units provide a multiple barrier to pathogens in wastewater. A key benefit of this approach is the integrity testing ability of CMF-S, which has been shown in many applications to achieve greater than log 4 removal of particles greater than 0.2 micron. The Memcor Pressure Decay Test is used to measure the integrity of the CMF-S system and all cells have had stable integrity greater than 4.4 log.
5.0 RO Performance
RO plants are very sensitive to the quality of their feedwater. Microfiltration is a reliable source of high quality treated water. The water it produces is substantially better than that of traditional pretreatment systems. The proof is that it improves the performance of RO systems. The RO plant performance has been stable with no appreciable change in flow or salt passage. The performance has been so stable that no chemical cleans have been required in the first 6 months of operation.
6.0 Conclusion
As treatment of traditional drinking water supplies become more expensive and waters sources become scarcer, water recycling increases in importance. The Singapore Government is actively developing, testing and installing new approaches for drinking water treatment and supply. In particular, wastewater reuse for indirect potable reuse with the installation of the 40,000 m3/day Kranji NEWater plant.
The Kranji NEWater plant is a prime example of how wastewater reuse can be employed to produce high grade water for industrial use. This has the benefit of both providing industry with higher quality water and reducing potable water usage in industry by replacing it with NEWater. Key design advances in microfiltration technologies continue to provide reliable, stable and high quality feed to RO whilst further reducing operating costs.
Reference:
1. Singapore Public Utilities Board (PUB), “Singapore Water Reclamation Study, Expert Panel Review and Findings Report”, June 2002.
2. Bruce Durham, Stephanie Rinck-Pfeiffer (PhD) Dawn Guendert, ”Integrated Water Resource Management – through reuse and aquifer recharge”, IDA Water Reuse and Desalination, February 2003 Singapore.
3. Koh W.K., Thompson, G., Biltoft B., Durham, B., “Water Reuse & Zero Liquid Discharge – A Sustainable Water Resource Solution”, IDA Water Reuse and Desalination, February 2003 Singapore.
4. Durham, B., Koh W.K., Thompson, G., Biltoft B., “Membrane Filtration - An Effective Pretreatment to RO in Water Reclamation Experience in the Municipal & Industrial Sectors”, Water / Wastewater Management Conference, 20-21 Nov 2002, Shangri-la Hotel, Singapore.
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holywater_shawn
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thank u very much!
2010-04-08 10:04:08
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chixiaodao
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4 LRV
2007-12-11 15:23:11
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4.4 LRV
Integrity of the membranes remained stable
Turbidity
< 0.1 NTU 95%
Passed
Average 0.05 NTU
Particle Counts
< 1 cnt/ml >2um
Passed
Average Particle counts 0.7
SDI
< 3 SDI
<1.5 SDI
Average SDI only 0.7
CMF-S Recovery
90 %
> 92 %
Increased recovery by using CMF-S Inserts
4.2 Membrane Integrity
The combined treatment systems of CMF, RO and UV units provide a multiple barrier to pathogens in wastewater. A key benefit of this approach is the integrity testing ability of CMF-S, which has been shown in many applications to achieve greater than log 4 removal of particles greater than 0.2 micron. The Memcor Pressure Decay Test is used to measure the integrity of the CMF-S system and all cells have had stable integrity greater than 4.4 log.
5.0 RO Performance
RO plants are very sensitive to the quality of their feedwater. Microfiltration is a reliable source of high quality treated water. The water it produces is substantially better than that of traditional pretreatment systems. The proof is that it improves the performance of RO systems. The RO plant performance has been stable with no appreciable change in flow or salt passage. The performance has been so stable that no chemical cleans have been required in the first 6 months of operation.
6.0 Conclusion
As treatment of traditional drinking water supplies become more expensive and waters sources become scarcer, water recycling increases in importance. The Singapore Government is actively developing, testing and installing new approaches for drinking water treatment and supply. In particular, wastewater reuse for indirect potable reuse with the installation of the 40,000 m3/day Kranji NEWater plant.
The Kranji NEWater plant is a prime example of how wastewater reuse can be employed to produce high grade water for industrial use. This has the benefit of both providing industry with higher quality water and reducing potable water usage in industry by replacing it with NEWater. Key design advances in microfiltration technologies continue to provide reliable, stable and high quality feed to RO whilst further reducing operating costs.
Reference:
1. Singapore Public Utilities Board (PUB), “Singapore Water Reclamation Study, Expert Panel Review and Findings Report”, June 2002.
2. Bruce Durham, Stephanie Rinck-Pfeiffer (PhD) Dawn Guendert, ”Integrated Water Resource Management – through reuse and aquifer recharge”, IDA Water Reuse and Desalination, February 2003 Singapore.
3. Koh W.K., Thompson, G., Biltoft B., Durham, B., “Water Reuse & Zero Liquid Discharge – A Sustainable Water Resource Solution”, IDA Water Reuse and Desalination, February 2003 Singapore.
4. Durham, B., Koh W.K., Thompson, G., Biltoft B., “Membrane Filtration - An Effective Pretreatment to RO in Water Reclamation Experience in the Municipal & Industrial Sectors”, Water / Wastewater Management Conference, 20-21 Nov 2002, Shangri-la Hotel, Singapore.
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