最复杂的木榫建筑工程——岩石山小房/ Helen & Hard

来自专筑编辑雷君的报道。梅奥告诉我，他选择了一个与众不同的建筑项目。这个建筑中不只是CLT或胶合木，还具有适应性和灵活性的独特木材。其中一个代表是这个为挪威斯塔万格登山协会提供服务的三层的旅馆。Helen & Hard事务所在该建筑中没有采用CLT，胶合木，或单板层积材，而是使用榫木板平行的承重剪力墙。梅奥写道，“该项目可能是最复杂的木榫建筑工程。” Mayo told me that he selected projects that have different way of doing things. They are not just CLT or glulam; they exhibit the adaptability and flexibility of wood while responding to unique problems. One standout is this three-story lodge that serves the Stavanger Trekking Association in Norway. Instead of CLT, glulam, or LVL, architects Helen & Hard used doweled wood panels parallel load-bearing shear walls. Mayo writes it "may be the most complex wood doweled building ever built." Helen & Hard: Pulpit Rock Mountain Lodge (Photo: Erieta Attali) 顾名思义，该建筑中，嵌板与合板钉之间不是用粘合剂连在一起的，而是把他们嵌入到环保的木材系统中。大面积Holz100实木板用在在小屋中，与CLT相似，不用粘合剂而采用挪威嵌板是他们经济、实惠的选择。另一个项目，包括下面讨论的Mühlebachstrasse项目和 architekturagentur设计的 woodcube项目，都是用合板钉而不是使用胶粘剂（在奥地利，一座用holz100材料的七层建筑已经建成，），但圣坛岩石山旅馆由于对角线的使用，有着更复杂的形式和空间。 下图所示的对角线展示了两种情况。最左边的是用holz100制作的标准成品，如图所示，斜交板（D），垂直（V），和水平（H），或hvddvh。如箭头所示，建筑师把对角线移到外部创建了DDVHVDD的一部分，，表面有斜层，也保持了环梁的硬度和提供额外空间。该项目设计，从实木建筑综合体和施工技术来看，是梅奥为自己做的最好的代言。 As the name of the system implies, doweled panels are built with dowels rather than adhesive, putting them a notch above the more popular wood systems in environmental terms. Large format wood panels known as Holz100 were used for the lodge, and while they are similar to CLT, the lack of adhesives and the fact the panels were made in Norway at the time made them the more economical choice. A couple other projects in the book, including Mühlebachstrasse discussed below and the Woodcube by architekturagentur, use dowels rather than adhesives (and a seven-story building has been built in Austria with Holz100), but the Pulpit Rock Mountain Lodge is more complex formally and spatially, thanks to the use of diagonals. These diagonals are illustrated in the below diagram, which shows two conditions. On the far left is what results with the standard make up of the Holz100, which is, as shown to its right, alternating panels of diagonal (D), vertical (V), and horizontal (H), or HVDDVH. As the arrows show, the architects moved the diagonals to the outside to create a section of DDVHVDD, with the diagonal layers on the outside also holding the beams for extra stiffness and giving the space its defining characteristic. This is a project where design results from the synthesis of solid wood construction and technology, as good an illustration for what Mayo is doing with the book as any.

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