摘要 以木质活性炭和甲苯为对象,研究了甲苯入口浓度、表观气速对活性炭固定床热床层吸附性能的影响,对比了在相同吸附条件下,冷、热床层吸附容量、传质区移动速率的变化。研究结果表明:甲苯入口浓度和表观气速对热床层穿透曲线的影响与冷床层相同,即随着表观气速和甲苯入口浓度的增加,穿透曲线变陡峭,穿透时间和饱和时间前移,活性炭饱和吸附容量的损失逐渐增大;当表观气速、甲苯入口浓度相同时,热床层的传质区移动速率高于冷床层,甲苯入口浓度对热床层传质区移动速率的影响比冷床层更加显著,但是表观气速对传质区移动速率的影响变弱。
关键词 活性炭固定床 热床层 吸附 甲苯
中图分类号 [1]X701
Research on toluene adsorption behavior of activated carbon hot-fixed bed
Li Jie*1 Jia Bin2
(1.Shanxi Academy For Environmental Planning, Taiyuan,030002;
2.Taiyuan Environmental Monitoring Centre,Taiyuan,030002;
3.College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Taiyuan,030024)
Abstract With wooden activated carbon and toluene as object, this paper studied the influence of toluene inlet concentration and superficial gas velocity on activated carbon hot-fixed bed’s adsorption properties. Also compared the differences of adsorption capacity and mass transfer rate between cold-bed and hot bed under the same adsorption condition. The results were: the influnce of toluene inlet concentration and superficial gas velocity on hot-bed’s penetration curve were the same as the cold’s. With the increasing of superficial gas velocity and toluene inlet concentration, the breakthrough curves became steeper, the penetration time and saturation time advanced, and the loss of activated carbon’s saturated adsorption capacity gradually increased. When the superficial gas velocity and toluene inlet concentration were the same, hot-bed’s mass transfer zone moved faster than cold-bed’s.The influnce of inlet concentration on hot-bed’s mass transfer zone moving rate was more significant than the cold-bed’s, but the impact of superficial gas velocity on mass transfer zone moving rate became weaker.
Key words Activated carbon fixed bed; hot-bed; adsorption; toluene
随着我国建设可持续发展社会和清洁生产目标的提出,VOCs的回收再利用也被提上议事日程。开发经济高效的VOCs回收工艺,已成为环保领域的又一研究热点。回收VOCs不仅对于减轻环境污染,保护人类健康具有重大意义,而且能够产生巨大的经济效益。在众多回收工艺中,活性炭固定床由于吸附效率高,吸附塔设备简单,制造容易,价格低廉,吸附和解吸交替进行、间歇操作,工艺相对成熟,目前在VOCs的分离回收中使用最为广泛[1]。
不少学者都开展了活性炭固定床吸附回收VOCs的研究[2~10],但是多集中于常温固定床的吸附特性研究,对于活性炭固定床热床层的吸附特性研究较少。活性炭固定床吸附饱和后,若采用热空气吹扫脱附法再生活性炭,床层温度较高,需要等床层温度下降后才能进行吸附,操作周期长。如果在脱附后直接让活性炭固定床吸附待净化气体,在吸附放热量低于待净化气体散热量的情况下,则可以达到利用待净化气体冷却床层的目的,从而大大缩短了操作周期。
本文以甲苯为代表,通过测定脱附后热床层在不同工况下直接吸附甲苯的穿透曲线,研究了热床层直接吸附甲苯的特性。
1.材料与方法
1.1实验装置
吸附柱分为两段,内径为5cm,每段都填有高度为10cm左右的木质活性炭,实验装置见图1。
图1 活性炭固定床吸附装置
Fig.1 Activated carbon fixed bed adsorption installation
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