建筑策划的基本理论与应用方法

可拓建筑策划的基本理论与应用方法研究是建筑学领域与可拓学领域交叉研究的课题,是可拓建筑策划与设计的基本理论与应用方法研究(国家自然科学基金资助项目,50678043,2007-2009)的一个重要组成部分。研究的目的在于用可拓学的优点和长处弥补现有建筑策划理论与方法的缺点和不足,使建筑策划理论研究向更理性、更科学的方向发展。作为国家自然科学基金资助项目的子课题,论文应用多学科交叉的研究方法将可拓学思想和可拓策划理论引入到建筑策划的理论与方法研究中来,对可拓建筑策划的基本理论、思维模式、分析方法、变换方法、优度评价法进行了研究,从而初步地构建了可拓建筑策划的理论与方法体系。可拓建筑策划的基本理论研究是在建筑策划理论和可拓学思想、可拓策划理论的基础上,深入研究可拓建筑策划的基本理论问题,为可拓建筑策划的实际应用奠定了理论基础。这部分研究提出了可拓建筑策划的涵义、特点;提出了可拓建筑策划策略生成方法的应用规则;介绍了可拓建筑策划的类型与流程;构建了描述策划思维全过程的模型系统;并提出了可拓建筑策划元的概念,系统整合了可拓建筑策划的要素系统。可拓建筑策划的思维模式研究是在可拓思维模式的基础上,探讨四种可拓思维模式在可拓建筑策划过程中的应用,为可拓建筑策划的策略生成提供形式化的思维模式。这部分研究在分别论述四种可拓思维模式的基础上,论述了其各自的应用范围和应用流程,并依靠对既存建筑实例思维过程的假设性描述来说明如何对这四种可拓思维模式加以应用。可拓建筑策划的分析方法研究是在可拓分析方法的基础上,探讨可拓分析方法在可拓建筑策划过程中的应用,为在可拓建筑策划中解决矛盾和实现创新提供了形式化的分析方法。这部分研究在对可拓分析方法进行概述的基础上,分别从场地策划、建筑空间策划、建筑形象策划、建筑技术策划这四个方面,利用作者参与的实际项目进行解析或者假设性的将既存建筑实例的构思过程用可拓分析方法进行描述,直观地展示了如何应用可拓分析方法在建筑策划项目中找出解决矛盾或进行创新的途径。可拓建筑策划的变换方法研究是在可拓变换方法的基础上,探讨可拓变换方法在可拓建筑策划过程中的应用,为在可拓建筑策划中解决矛盾和实现创新提供了形式化的变换方法。这部分研究在对可拓变换方法进行概述的基础上,分别从不相容问题、对立问题和非矛盾创新问题这三方面,利用作者参与的实际项目进行解析或者假设性的将既存建筑实例的构思过程用可拓变换方法进行描述,直观地展示了如何应用可拓变换方法在建筑策划项目中对矛盾问题和非矛盾创新问题实施变换。可拓建筑策划的优度评价法研究是在可拓学的优度评价法的基础上,探讨优度评价法在可拓建筑策划评价过程中的应用,为可拓建筑策划的策略评价增添一种新的评价方法。这部分研究介绍了优度评价法的相关概念和特点;论述了可拓建筑策划评价的对象与原则;建立了可拓建筑策划策略评价的指标体系;探讨了可拓建筑策划策略优度评价的流程;并以现有建筑实例假设性地模拟了策略的优度评价过程。总之,可拓建筑策划的基本理论与应用方法研究通过将建筑策划理论与可拓学、可拓策划理论的交叉融合,构建起可拓建筑策划的理论框架,并最终形成能够用于建筑策划实践和建筑策划教育的可拓建筑策划方法。这为建筑策划领域增添了新的理论与方法,为建筑策划思维过程表达提供了形式化工具,也对可拓学思想和方法的应用范围进行了拓展。
电加热器
The study on basic theory and applying methods of Extension Architectural Program (EAP) is a intersecting studying issue of Architectural area and Extenics area. It is an important part of study on basic theory and applying methods of Extension Architectural Program and Design—project supported by the NSFC’S(National Natural Science Foundation of China) Funding, 50678043,2007-2009 . The purpose of study is using the good point of Extenics to supplement the deficiency of Architectural Program. So the study of Architectural Program can develop towards more rational and more scientific direction. being one branch of the project supported by the NSFC’S Funding, Extension thought and Extension Program theory are drawn into the study on theory and methods of Architectural Program in Paper, using multi-subjects intersecting studying methods. The study on basic theory of EAP, thinking model, analyzing methods, transforming methods, and excellent standard evaluating method, constructs a whole system of theory and methods of EAP.The study on basic theory of EAP is on the basis of Architectural Program theory, Extension thought and Extension Program theory. It settles a theory foundation of practical applying of EAP. This part proposes meaning and characteristics of EAP, introduces the type and flow of EAP, founds model system for describing the program thought process, and proposes a concept of extension architectural program element.The study on thinking model of EAP is on the basis of creation Extension Program thinking model, discussing applying of four kinds of thinking models in EAP. It provides a forming thinking model for tactics generation of EAP. This part discourses applied ranges and flows of the four thinking models, after discoursing them. What is more, it explains how to apply the four thinking models depending on supposing to describe the thought process of existing architecture example creation.The study on analyzing methods of EAP is on the basis of extension analyzing methods, discussing the applying of extension analyzing methods on EAP. It provides forming analyzing methods for solving contradictories and innovating in EAP. This part carries out from four aspects: site program, architectural space program, architectural figure program, and architectural technology program, on base of discoursing extension analyzing methods. It analyzes practical projects which writer participates or describes the thought process of existing architecture example creation with extension analyzing methods. This reveals intuitively how to applying extension analyzing methods on architectural program projects to find the ways to solve contradictories or innovate.The study on transforming methods of EAP is on the basis of extension transforming methods, discussing the applying of extension transforming methods on EAP. It provides forming transforming methods for solving contradictories and innovating in EAP. This part carries out from three aspects: incompatible problem, opposing problems, and coexisting innovation problems, on base of discoursing extension transforming methods. It analyzes practical projects which writer participates or describes the thought process of existing architecture example creation with extension transforming methods. This reveals intuitively how to applying extension transforming methods on architectural program projects to transform contradictory problems and coexist innovation problems.The study on excellent standard evaluating method of EAP is on the basis of excellent standard evaluating method of extenics, discussing the applying of excellent standard evaluating method on the evaluating process of EAP. It adds a new evaluating method for tactics evaluating of EAP. This part introduces concepts and characteristics of excellent standard evaluating method, discourses objects and principle of EAP evaluating, founds evaluating index system for tactics evaluating of EAP, discusses excellent standard evaluating flow of EAP tactics, and simulates excellent standard evaluating process of tactics using existing architecture example.In a word, the study on basic theory and applying methods of EAP constructs a theory framework of EAP, and forms EAP methods for architectural program practice and education in the end, though Architectural Program theory, Extension thought and Extension Program theory intersecting. Firstly, it adds new theories and methods for architectural program area. Secondly, it provides forming tools for describing architectural program thought process. Thirdly, it expends applied range of Extension thought and methods.