双层反翘型滑坡成灾机理

双层反翘型滑坡既具有双(多)层滑坡特征,又具有反翘型滑坡特征,这类滑坡在自然界普遍存在,目前对此类滑坡的研究较少,研究该类滑坡具有重要的理论研究价值和实际工程指导意义,且对双(多)层滑坡、岩层反翘型滑坡、滑移弯曲溃屈型滑坡、倾倒型滑坡等都具有重要的参考价值。本文以具有典型双层反翘型滑坡特征的襄十高速公路韩家垭滑坡为工程背景,运用现场勘察、物理模拟、现场监测、数值模拟、流变力学理论等多方法多手段综合研究双层反翘型滑坡的基本特征、形成发育条件、成灾机理、时空演变规律及整治工程加固机理。通过大量的各种岩土物理力学试验、工程地质经验类比分析及大量的力学指标反分析来综合选取滑坡的抗剪强度参数,比较优选出符合双层反翘型滑坡的稳定性分析方法,建立一整套适合双层反翘型滑坡的稳定性评估体系和力学参数选取方法。在此基础上,提出适合双层反翘型滑坡的稳定性控制对策并进行防治工程优化。本文所做的主要工作有:1、运用钻探、井探、槽探、物探、地表调绘等多种工程地质勘察手段,深入揭示双层反翘型滑坡的基本特征和形成发育条件。2、运用现场勘察技术和测斜孔、孔隙水压力计、土压力盒、钢筋计、锚杆测力计等原位监测技术分析研究双层反翘型滑坡的变形和破坏机理、前缘岩层“反翘”成因及其时空演变规律等。3、运用多工况的平面应力加载条件下大块体地质力学模型试验,采用数码像机数字化近景摄影测量技术量测位移场,采用微型光纤压力传感器、微型电阻应变片、测斜仪、土压力盒、钢筋计等测试加固工程变形受力全过程,在实验室内进行物理仿真,研究双层反翘型滑坡在漫长地史时期的发育、发展、演化和形成全过程,反翘岩层的弯曲折断渐进破坏全过程,整治工程加固机理及优化设计,并提出适合该类滑坡的稳定性控制对策。同时,还研究了滑坡前缘人工开挖形成堑坡条件下,该类滑坡的变形破坏机理和稳定性状态。4、采用有限元方法与刚体极限平衡方法相结合的数值模拟技术,计算分析双层反翘型滑坡的变形和破坏机理、前缘岩层“反翘”成因及稳定性状态。5、运用流变力学有关理论,在分析滑坡变形破坏机理的基础上建立反映滑坡变形规律的复合流变模型和破坏规律的破坏模型,并利用现场监测和室内地质力学模型试验所得数据对所建模型进行验证。6、对反算滑坡力学参数时不同发育条件下稳定系数的选取和稳定性计算方法的确定进行较深入的研究探讨,提出了一整套滑坡抗剪强度参数的综合选取方法和稳定性评估体系,最后以韩家垭滑坡为例进行实际工程应用。
活动房
The landslide with double sliding planes & rock-layer reverse has characteristics of double (multi-) sliding planes and rock-layer reverse. This kind of landslide exists in the nature universally. At present, there are few researches on this kind of landslide, so studies on this kind of landslide has important value of theoretical research and actual significance of engineering instruction. It has also important reference values for the landslide of double (multi-) sliding planes, the landslide of rock-layer reverse, the landslide of slumping and curving collapse yield, the falling landslide, etc.This paper takes the example of HanJiaYa landslide in Xiangshi Expressway, which has the representative characteristics of the landslide with double sliding planes & rock-layer reverse. In order to analyze the basic characteristics, form and development condition, hazard mechanism, the discipline on spatio-temporal evolvement, and reinforcement mechanism for harnessing engineering of this kind of landslide, many research methods are comprehensively adopted, such as in-site prospecting, physical simulation, in-site monitoring, numerical simulation, rheological mechanics, etc. Using a new synthetical method with various geotechnical physical mechanics tests, engineering geologic empirical analogy method and back analysis on mechanical parameters to determine reasonably the shearing strength of landslide. Selecting superiorly the stability analysis method, and establishes an entire method of the stability evaluation system and the mechanics parameters determination for the landslide with double sliding planes & rock-layer reverse. On the basis of that, the stability control policy and optimization of harnessing engineering for this kind of landslide are proposed. Major works are summarized as follows:1. In order to expose the basic characteristics, form and development condition of the landslide with double sliding planes & rock-layer reverse, various engineering geologic methods are adopted, such as geological drilling, costeaning, trenching, geophysical survey, surface investigation, etc.2. To analyze the deformation and failure mechanism, and rock-layer reverse cause and the discipline of spatio-temporal evolvement of landslide with double sliding planes & [url=] 更多[/url]