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极简现代：高206米“螺旋式”大厦： "垂直村落"的概念——五个堆叠组成的综合体

发布于：2024-06-19 14:50:19 来自：建筑设计/建筑方案设计 [复制转发]

最近竣工的89,000平方米的Quay Quarter大厦（QQT）是一个千载难逢的项目--在2014年中标的时候，这个项目似乎还有些牵强。该大厦位于悉尼繁华的环形码头边缘，是对现有AMP中心大厦的 "升级改造"。原来的AMP中心建于1976年，其可用寿命即将结束。

尽管如此，项目团队并没有简单地将其推倒重来，而是制定了一个雄心勃勃的目标：尽可能多地重新利用现有建筑，并为建筑的适应性再利用设定一个崇高的新标准。

The recently completed 89,000 sqm Quay Quarter Tower (QQT) is a once-in-a-generation project – one that, when it was won in 2014, seemed almost far-fetched. Located on the edge of Sydney’s bustling Circular Quay, the tower “upcycles” the existing AMP Centre tower. Built only in 1976, the original AMP Centre was reaching the end of its usable lifespan. Still, rather than simply tear it down and start over, the project team set out to reach an ambitious goal: to reuse as much of the existing building and set a lofty new standard for what is possible for adaptive reuse in architecture.

如今，这一目标已经实现。QQT保留了超过65%的原有结构（梁、柱和楼板）和95%的原有核心筒，从而节省了730万公斤的内含碳（相当于在悉尼和墨尔本之间飞行35,000次）。

Today, that goal has been achieved. QQT retains over 65% of the original structure (beams, columns, and slabs) and 95% of the original core, resulting in an embodied carbon saving of 7.3 million kilograms (the equivalent of 35,000 flights between Sydney and Melbourne).

这座高206米、49层的塔楼由五个堆叠和移动的体量组成；低层面向熙熙攘攘的Younge街和海港大桥，随着楼层的攀升向东倾斜，将皇家植物园和悉尼歌剧院的美景尽收眼底。这种曲折的构图不仅使天际线更加生动，而且使塔楼能够满足场地的遮阳围护要求，尽管它嫁接了超过45,000平方米的新建筑面积。

The 206-metre, 49-storey tower is composed of five stacked and shifted volumes; the lower floors face the bustling Younge Street and Harbour Bridge, and skew eastwards as they climb to frame panoramic views onto the Royal Botanic Gardens and the Sydney Opera House. The twisting composition not only animates the skyline but allows the tower to fit within the site’s shade envelope requirements despite grafting on more than 45,000 sqm of new floor space.

QQT是围绕 "垂直村落 "的概念开发的，其设计由内而外、由外而内，并将用户体验放在首位。由于每天有10,000人在此工作和通行，因此需要考虑的规模并不小。塔楼的五个体量本身就是一个枢纽，各楼层通过螺旋楼梯连接在一起，并围绕着堆叠的中庭布置，将日光引入2000平方米的楼板深处。

QQT was developed around a “vertical village” concept, designed from both the inside out and the outside in and with the user experience top of mind. And with 10,000 people working in and passing through the structure each day, it’s no small scale to account for. Each of the tower’s five volumes is a hub unto itself, floors threaded together by a spiral stair and arranged around stacked atria that bring daylight deep into the 2,000 sqm floor plates.

对于需要进一步细分楼层的租户，可在中庭安装可拆卸的便携式楼板（小到足以装入大楼的电梯），以适应不断变化的空间需求。与中庭相连的是每栋楼底部的室外露台，工人们可以在露台上进行户外活动，而无需返回地面离开大楼。

For tenants who need to further subdivide the floors, a dismantlable and portable (small enough to fit into the building’s lifts) floorplate can be installed within the atrium to accommodate changing spatial needs. Linked to the atrium at the base of each block are exterior terraces, allowing workers access to the outdoors without requiring them to return to the ground level and exit the building.

在许多高层建筑中，典型的塔楼平台设计方法几乎消除了临街的存在和可接近性--使塔楼和城市中心都变得死气沉沉。QQT与这种模式背道而驰，将大堂和市场大厅嵌入其倾斜的场地中，创造出一个开放的、多层次的公共平台，欢迎所有人的到来。

In many highrises, the typical tower-on-podium design approach all but eliminates street-level presence and approachability – deadening towers and city centers alike. QQT works against this paradigm, embedding both a lobby and a market hall in its sloping site to create an open, multilevel public podium that welcomes all.

3XN的QQT设计在两阶段的国际优秀设计竞赛中获胜；在竞赛获胜后，3XN和客户AMP Capital选择BVN作为执行建筑师，负责项目审批流程和设计开发/详细设计阶段。在施工期间，BVN被委托给承包商Multiplex完成文件编制工作，而3XN则留在客户方监督设计并审查施工进展。

其他项目合作伙伴包括ASPECT Studios（景观建筑师）、Tom Dixon DRS（大堂和市场大厅室内设计）以及Olafur Eliasson（其工作室为塔楼底部的公共艺术品做出了贡献）。

3XN’s design for QQT was chosen as the winner of a two-stage, international, design excellence competition; following the competition win, 3XN and client AMP Capital selected BVN as the Executive Architect for the project approval process and the Design Development/Detailed Design phase. During Construction, BVN was novated to the contractor, Multiplex, to complete documentation while 3XN remained client-side to oversee the design and review construction development. Additional project partners include ASPECT Studios (Landscape Architects), Tom Dixon DRS (Lobby and Market Hall interiors), and Olafur Eliasson, whose studio contributed to the public artwork at the tower’s base.