这是一个乡村回迁安置房工程,涉及当地6个村,近400户农村家庭的拆迁与安置。
This project serves as a community for relocated suburban residents, which includes 400 households from six nearby villages.
▽ 鸟瞰:聚落的黏连状态
▽ 鸟瞰:整体聚落
▽ 鸟瞰:临水区域
▽ 水边:隔岸观村
项目于2021年完成第一期建设,随着村民陆续迁入,并在自家开出了超市、餐馆、各类店铺等五花八门的微型乡村商业,这里已经初步形成了社区氛围。
Phase 1 of the project was completed in 2021, as villagers moved in and a variety of small businesses started to bloom, the sense of community has formed spontaneously.
▽ 民居:村民入住后的街区氛围
▽ 民居:居民形成的归属感
▽ 鸟瞰:已有烟火气的聚落
▽ 民居:建筑形成远近层次
【共同生活的今昔】
【Live Under the Roof: Then and Now】
汨罗当地的大部分村落现状可以用八个字形容:小簇散落,清冷无序。坡地林间的几栋房子组成微型聚落,布局松散,建筑也充满了低质量的拼凑感。
The layout of most local villages is spread out and spotty, which lacks coherence and interaction between neighborhoods.
我们尊重这种强调隐私与独立的乡村个体生活,但也想在新的聚落中尝试重塑有规模、有社交互动的群体生活模式,让乡村的烟火气得以回归。
While we intend to keep the necessary separation to respect residents’ privacy, we also try to emulate modes of social life via placemaking, to revive the ever-dwindling sense of community in the modern era.
▽ 民居:院落及人行区域
▽ 大屋:屋顶的连接
▽ 水边:广场与广场舞时间
▽ 民居:宅间小径
▽ 民居:槽口檐廊
之所以是“重塑”,因为这种生活模式在湘北地区早已形成。它实现于一种已被业界前辈定义过的建筑类型:湘北大屋。
Our mission to emulate such social interaction stems from the study of a historic type of architecture – “Northern Hunan Big House”, which promotes such lifestyle.
▽ 大屋原型调研:岳阳张谷英村鸟瞰
【湘北大屋的重构】
【To Emulate an Old Lifestyle】
这原本是一种家族式建筑群,建筑之间有明显的轴线关系,在每条轴线上通过天井的串联,形成“丰”字形空间递进。但无论建筑群如何扩张,屋顶始终紧密连成一片。因此整个大屋呈现“下分上合,多进多排”的特点。
As a community for large families, a clear organizational logic is created by using a hierarchy of axes and courtyards. The roofs are always interconnected to provide protection and shade.
▽ 大屋拆解过程
通过 “轴线——图底——分户——去礼制——归类”的分层解读,我们从“大屋”中拆解出6种建筑单体基本类型,再通过变形、筛选、组合,将其拼合成不同规模的大屋聚落,每一组大屋外围包裹机动车道,内部形成宅间人行小径。
We tried to decompose such organization with a linear process: understanding the axes - studying the figure-ground - separating the households - un-ritualizing, and finally, sorting. As a result, six basic components are identified to form a variety of combinations that enable motorized traffic at the perimeter while keeping the courtyards at their cores.
▽ 类型演化
▽ 建筑类型一
▽ 建筑类型二
【屋顶连接的意图】
【The Inter-connected】
大屋的“下分”,解决了不同家庭的独立居住需求。而“上合”才是探讨群体生活的一种方式。因此我们以“屋顶有连接的可能性”为依据,对所有类型进行重新编辑排布。
As the houses are separated to respect residents’ privacy needs, the inter-connectivity of roofs serves as an important factor in our design philosophy, as it defines the locals’ unique lifestyle over the course of the history.
▽ 大屋面概念手稿
▽ 湘北大屋爆炸图
▽ 民居:典型立面
▽ 鸟瞰-大屋屋顶
▽ 鸟瞰:大屋屋顶俯视
▽ 鸟瞰:大屋平面
▽ 大屋:随地形起伏的院落
▽ 大屋:屋檐下的宅间对话
▽ 大屋:下分上合的大屋组团
▽ 鸟瞰-屋顶局部
▽ 大屋:由屋顶连接围合成的开放式院落
然后运用钢木结构的屋顶衍生段,在尽量不遮挡阳光的情况下,于宅间营造并突出这种连接。最终我们获得一种可拆可合的全新建筑组团,通过共享屋檐,试图从物理层面拉进邻里关系,再产生化学反应,形成社区氛围。
We use steel and wood to recreate and emphasize such structures, in the hope of encouraging interactions between neighbors.
▽ 水边:屋顶连接产生的檐下空间
▽ 大屋:檐下空间形成标志性场所
▽ 水边:临水大屋
▽ 水边:临水界面
▽ 鸟瞰:大屋屋顶
【尾声:鱼熊兼得的快乐】
【Epilogue:The best of both worlds】
▽ 鸟瞰-生活区夜景
▽ 民居:聚落夜景
▽ 民居:聚落已形成生活氛围
作品拍摄期间遇到一位正在和邻居火热聊天的爷爷,他对我说这个房子很好。我问哪里好。他说:“一栋栋房子都是分开的,很好!”
During the photo shoot we met an elderly having a great time hanging out with his neighbors. He told us that he really enjoyed living in a house that’s separated from others.
看得出他很喜欢独立的居住方式,也很享受这种高密度群落带来的邻里氛围。
We are pleased to find the project as a successful manifestation of our philosophy -- a closely-knit community that promotes social connectivity and respects personal space at the same time.
【图纸部分】
▽ 鸟瞰:聚落整体平面
▽ 总平面图
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