将探索太空引入人们的日常生活 | 卓瑞尔天文台“第一道光”射电天文展馆

“第一道光”射电天文展馆由建筑事务所Hassell设计，项目开放后，游客在世界著名的卓瑞尔天文台的参观体验将得到很大提升。为每年成千上万的游客将射电天文学理论转化成迷人的星际探索。

The First Light Pavilion designed by architecture practice Hassell will transform the visitor experience at the world-famous Jodrell Bank Observatory, bringing radio astronomy principles to life for the thousands of people who visit the site every year.

作为场地上最大的公共建筑，展馆通过设计捕捉太空爱好者的好奇心，让人们进行科学探险，探索广袤无垠的天文学发现。这里也是世界最大最先进的望远镜之一——洛弗尔望远镜（Lovell Telescope）的所在地，因此卓瑞尔河岸在使用无线电波探索最深处的太空领域处于最前沿的地位。天文台位于北英格兰柴郡（Cheshire）郊野的中心。天文台拥有世界领先的科研能力，在发现类星体、脉冲星、引力透镜效应和卫星追踪方面都作出过重大发现。

Jodrell Bank looked to Hassell to help transform the visitor experience into an inspirational journey of discovery through the site. As the largest and most significant public building, the pavilion is designed to capture the curiosity of space enthusiasts and communicate the scientific adventure, exploration and breadth of discovery within astronomy. Home to one of the world’s largest and most powerful radio telescopes, the iconic Lovell Telescope, Jodrell Bank is at the forefront of using radio waves to explore deepest space. The Observatory, located in the heart of the Cheshire countryside in the North of England, has a world-leading reputation for scientific research, making ground-breaking discoveries in the fields of quasars, pulsars, gravitational lenses and satellite tracking.

为了认可其国际的历史、科学和文化影响力，坐落于植物园般自然景观中的卓瑞尔天文台的第一任主席Bernard Lovell爵士在2021年被授予了世界教科文组织世界遗产保护者的身份，同时，天文台也被列入世界遗产名单。

In recognition of its internationally significant heritage, science and cultural impact, Jodrell Bank Observatory, which is set within an arboretum landscaped by the first Director of Jodrell Bank, Sir Bernard Lovell, was awarded UNESCO World Heritage Site status in 2021. It has also been inscribed on the World Heritage List.

在展馆的设计过程中，我们和展览设计策划方Casson Mann紧密合作，致敬场地宝贵的历史价值和射电天文学最初期的阶段，展馆为草坪覆盖的穹顶建筑形式，融入周围的自然景观中。圆形的建筑形式呼应了植物园的形式，同时其大小完完全全和洛弗尔望远镜的规模一致——76.2米直径的圆。为了保护并加强整个场地的整体性，天文台完美无缝融入植物园中，游客可自由徜徉其中，在天文馆的某些角度则可以俯瞰整个园地。

The Pavilion has been designed to celebrate both the site’s heritage and the very beginnings of radio astronomy and takes the form of a grass-covered dome, integrated into the surrounding landscape. Its circular shape responds to the arboretum and references both the shape and exact size of the 76.2m diameter dish of the Lovell Telescope. Designed to protect and enhance views across the site, the Pavilion sits seamlessly within the natural setting of the arboretum, where visitors can roam freely and provides an elevated viewpoint across the parkland.

除了从项目所在地的环境中汲取设计灵感，Hassell的设计概念还受到遍及全球的著名雕塑、建筑和自然地形的启发，如爱尔兰古老的纪念建筑物纽格莱奇墓，和著名的圆形建筑东京富士幼儿园。

In addition to taking inspiration from the site itself, Hassell was influenced by a range of sculptures, structures and natural landforms from around the world, ranging from ancient monuments such as Newgrange in Ireland, to the renowned circular Fuji Kindergarten in Tokyo.

▽混凝土打造的弧形入口

Hassell董事和项目负责人JulianGitsham说：“‘第一道光’展馆的建成也是卓瑞尔河岸新纪元的开始。展馆将为未来的许多世代讲述这里丰富的历史以及射电天文学的魅力。我们和天文台团队的合作也是紧密无间的，我们能够感受到他们致力于打造对环境及历史敏感且面向未来的项目，Hassell很高兴能够成为其中的一员。我们拥抱挑战，不断拓展设计的边界，从而设计出必将为游客带来真正的超越以往的探索体验。建筑的位置和对于现有的生态、环境可持续设计的潜在影响力形成了项目的主要设计驱动。代表了一种聚焦于节能的设计方案，建筑和周围的自然环境和谐共存，高效的建筑表皮能够很好地保温、密封和储存及缓释径流。”

Hassell Principal and project lead Julian Gitsham, said: “The completion of the First Light Pavilion marks a new era for Jodrell Bank. It will introduce new generations to the rich history of the site and the wonders of radio astronomy. The Observatory team has been totally committed to developing the site in a way that is sensitive to its heritage, yet transformational in its future impact. To have been part of this team is an exceptional opportunity for Hassell. We have embraced the challenge to push the boundaries of design to deliver what will undoubtedly be a truly exceptional experience for all who visit this remarkable site. Given the location of the building and its potential impact on the existing ecology, environmentally sustainable design forms a key element of the project. It represents an energy efficient scheme, in harmony with its natural surroundings, with a high performing envelope for insulation, air tightness, and surface water attenuation.”

天文馆设置成一层，整个建筑为混凝土壳体结构，当进入展厅内，包裹着展览空间和报告厅的混凝土弧形一览无余。巨大的弧形混凝土入口正面朝南，代表着太阳的弧光。两面独立的屏幕墙引领着游客到达入口通道，从一开始便激发人们探索和发现的好奇心。 轴线的南端上有一道狭长的开口，镶嵌玻璃，有光照时在极简现代的入口空间的地面上投射出一条子午线。

The Pavilion is arranged over a single storey, contained within a concrete shell structure, which when exposed inside the Pavilion interior, offers a sweeping plane of concrete, curving around the exhibition and auditorium core. The Pavilion’s entrance is a dramatic curved concrete screen with its axis due south to reflect the arc of the sun. Two separate screen walls guide visitors to the entrance evoking a sense of exploration and discovery. A single glass slot is cut out of the south axis, illuminating a meridian line cast onto the floor within the minimal, contemporary entrance space.

建筑的最中央为展览空间和报告厅，我们和展览设计策划方Casson Mann紧密合作，为游客打造高度沉浸式的圆形展览空间和报告厅。游客按顺时针方向参观时，能够触摸到一系列的互动装置，向他们讲述这里的故事、射电天文学的历史、现代天体物理、太空时代的开始以及洛弗尔望远镜的诞生。展览重新利用了1957年洛弗尔望远镜的部分原始天线盘，作为展览的背景和投影投射的表面，打造独特的游客体验。

At the heart of the building is the exhibition and the auditorium, encased within a cylindrical ‘drum’ in the centre of the mound. Hassell has worked closely with exhibition designers, Casson Mann, on the design of the highly immersive circular exhibition space and auditorium. Inside the space, visitors will circulate clockwise through a series of interactive displays which will tell the story of the site, the history of radio astronomy and modern astrophysics, the dawn of the Space Age and the creation of the Lovell Telescope. The exhibition re-uses sections of the original 1957 observation dish from the Lovell Telescope to form the backdrop and projection surfaces, creating a unique visitor experience.

可容纳150人的报告厅，舱型的报告厅设有和室内弧线一致的屏幕，设置于座位的上方，为游客制造富有动感的沉浸式投影空间。多媒体影音室布置了特别的展览和夜晚星空投影，同时这里可以开展各类讲座，展示与卓瑞尔河岸相连的其他科学设施的实时动态。

The 150-seat capacity auditorium ‘pod’ features a screen that follows the shape of the drum shell and curves over the seats to create a dynamic and immersive projection space. hassellstudio.com 03/03 The multi-media room houses special exhibitions and caters for night-sky projections, as well as educational lectures and live links to other science facilities. 

走出混凝土壳体建筑，游客会来到咖啡厅和圆形的庭院——切入这座“山丘”，而庭院的朝向与“第一道光”追踪俄罗斯的斯普特尼克号卫星102度方位角一致。当游客离开展馆时，通过历史悠久的林荫道，巨大的洛弗尔望远镜就坐落于不远处，仿佛向人们发起更多探索的邀请。

Exiting the drum gives way to a café and circular courtyard, cut into the mound so that its orientation aligns to the First Light’s tracking of Russia’s Sputnik at 102° from Azimuth. As visitors leave the Pavilion, an historical avenue of trees frames the giant Lovell Telescope in the distance, inviting them to explore further across the site.

▽咖啡厅和圆形庭院

近期，Hassell设计的SKA（平方公里阵）全球总部也已竣工，同样位于卓瑞尔河岸，是一个射电天文学领域的国际合作科学项目，其总部位于卓瑞尔河岸天文台。

Hassell recently completed the SKA Global Headquarters, also located at Jodrell Bank. The SKA Organisation is an international science project that operates in the field of radio astronomy and is headquartered at the Observatory.

▽平面图

Project name:First Light Pavilion Visitor’s Centre

Company name: Hassell

Website:https://www.hassellstudio.com/

Contact e-mail:itang@hassellstudio.com

Project location:Macclesfield, UK

Completion Year: 2022

Building area (m2):2,077 sqm / site area:35 ha

Other participants:Casson Mann (Exhibition designer)

Photo credits:Hufton and Crow