砖外立面：宿舍公寓大楼

发布于：2024-02-08 09:33:08 来自：建筑设计/建筑构造 [复制转发]

这座建筑占地 13500 平方米，由一个六层水平街区和一个 13 层塔楼组成，位于 Avinguda Meridiana 和 Carrer Sancho de ávila 的交汇处。

The 13,500 m2 building, comprising a six-story horizontal block and a 13-story tower situated on the corner of Avinguda Meridiana and Carrer Sancho de ávila, stands out for its desire to break away from the hermetic nature of other contemporary buildings and relate directly to the consolidated fabric of the district.

该项目完全融入城市环境的意愿体现在粗糙而充满活力的外立面上。窗户可以打开，成为有用的空间，是建筑与城市的界面。它的设计让人联想到附近老工厂的元素，由于 19 世纪末工业的大量集中，这里被称为 "加泰罗尼亚的曼彻斯特"。窗户布置的重复模式反映了该地区其他建筑（如 Ca l'Aranyó 建筑）中受英国影响的工厂元素的节奏。

The project's willingness to integrate fully into the urban context is manifested in a rough, vibrant facade. The windows, designed to open up and become useful spaces, serve as the interface between the building and the city. Its design evokes elements of the old factories in the neighborhood, which, due to the large industrial concentration at the end of the 19th century, was known as the "Catalan Manchester". The repeated pattern in the window arrangement mirrors the rhythm of English-influenced factory elements present in other buildings in the area, like Ca l'Aranyó.

此外，对粘土砖等传统材料的采用和改造，也增强了项目的文脉共鸣。建筑群的入口位于梅里迪亚纳大道（Avenida Meridiana）的倒角处，入口处有一个带有红色顶篷的大门廊。它被设计成一个透明的空间，在视觉上将公共区域（包括接待处、学习空间和活动室、休息区、咖啡厅和洗衣房）连成一体。因此，正如 JPAM 工作室所指出的那样，在底层营造了一种 "使用者和路人之间目光对等 "的氛围。

Additionally, the use of traditional materials such as clay brick is adopted and adapted, contributing to the project's contextual resonance. The entrance to the complex, distinguished by a large porch with a red canopy, is located on the chamfered corner of Avenida Meridiana. It is designed as a transparent space that visually articulates the common areas including the reception, the study spaces and the event rooms, the rest and lounge areas, the cafeteria, and the laundry. Thus, an atmosphere of "reciprocity of gazes between users and passers-by" is created on the ground floor, as the JPAM studio points out.

绿树成荫的内庭院与城市立面之间的紧密联系强调了城市与住宅、公共与私人空间、外部与内部之间的相互作用。在这种情况下，可以根据用途对活动进行战略性分配：私人和会议区域位于花园附近，而学习和会议空间则位于两个立面之间，这样就可以从两个正面欣赏到美景。

The close connection between the tree-lined inner courtyard and the urban facade underscores the interplay of relations between urban and residential aspects, public and private spaces, and the exterior and interior. This condition allows for a strategic distribution of activities according to their use: the private and meeting areas are located near the garden, while the study and meeting spaces are located between the two facades, thus allowing the views to be enjoyed from both fronts.

项目的目标是随着高度的增加，提高活动的私密性；底层的庭院向游客和学生社区开放，而上层的设施则专供住户使用，在私密区域内与 Poblenou 在视觉上相连。该项目面临的一个主要挑战是，如何适应国际大都市学生在不定期逗留期间共同生活的不同生活方式。重复的立面设计和建筑的双体块构成，形成了七种不同的房间类型。这些类型的设计符合并反映了不同用户类型的不同偏好和需求。350 个房间的大小和设施各不相同，提供了迷人的景观和视角。有些房间提供双重景观，既可以欣赏内院的美景，也可以欣赏波布莱诺充满活力的环境。与此同时，其他房间的深度或宽度也各不相同，向宁静的内院开放。

The project aims to graduate the privacy of activities as it grows in height; while the ground-floor courtyard opens to both visitors and the students’ community, amenities on the upper levels are reserved exclusively for residents, within a private area that visually connects with Poblenou. A primary challenge faced by the project is accommodating the diverse lifestyles of cosmopolitan students living together during fluctuating stays. The repetitive facade design and the building's dual-block composition result in a range of seven distinct room typologies. These typologies are crafted to align with and reflect the varied preferences and needs of different user types. This community is accommodated in 350 rooms that vary in size and amenities, providing captivating views and perspectives. Some rooms, provide a dual view, with the possibility of contemplating both the inner courtyard and the vibrant surroundings of Poblenou. Simultaneously, other rooms, varying in depth or width, open onto the serene inner courtyard.

JPAM指出，"不存在缺乏集体价值的高环境价值建筑"，因为 "可持续性是以综合方式实现的，从社会、能源和环境的角度来看，这意味着，例如，重视会议和关系区域"。在建筑节能方面，该建筑公司的立场更为激进：他们致力于减少材料的使用，并建造一座经久耐用的建筑。这座建筑可以不断发展，适应不断变化的需求。

"There are no buildings of high environmental lacking collective value", JPAM points out, because "sustainability is achieved in an integrated way, from the social, energetic and environmental points of view, which means, for example, giving importance to meeting and relationship areas". In terms of building efficiency, the architectural firm's stance becomes more radical: they are committed to reducing material usage and to creating a durable building, Built to last. This building can evolve, adjusting to changing needs.

此外，它还采用了维护成本低的材料，这些材料具有环境特征，可以随时更新颜色和尺寸。建筑师豪尔赫-佩雷亚（Jorge Perea）、阿马多-马丁（Amado Martín）和塞缪尔-洛韦特（Samuel Llovet）认为，"耐久性、低维护、气候条件（通风外墙）和良好的老化是建筑可持续发展的首要措施。Vita 22@ 的精髓在于其适应环境的能力，通过使用当地材料和建筑技术成为环境的一部分。采用这种方法的目的是为了实现项目的耐久性和稳定性，为未来专业人士的动态和波动社区服务，并促进 22@ 社区的凝聚力和有机发展。

Additionally, it is constructed using low-maintenance materials that are characteristic of the environment and can be readily updated in terms of color and size. According to architects Jorge Perea, Amado Martín, and Samuel Llovet, "Durability, low maintenance, climatic conditions (with the ventilated fa?ade), and good aging constitute the first measures of the sustainability of the building's -made to last-". The essence of Vita 22@ lies in its ability to adapt to the environment, becoming part of it by using local materials and construction techniques. This approach is driven by the aim of achieving durability and stability in a project that serves a dynamic and fluctuating community of future professionals and fosters the cohesion and organic development of the 22@ neighborhood.