日本幼儿园：单层木结构建筑

发布于：2023-09-27 15:46:27 来自：建筑结构/结构资料库 [复制转发]

分区规划，促进不同年龄组之间的互动 - 这是东京武藏村山市一所幼儿园的搬迁和新建项目。该地区环境优美，住宅区向武藏野高原和狭山蔓延。以前的建筑是两层 RC 结构，儿童活动被分隔在上下两层。客户希望新建筑采用单层木结构，以丰富不同年龄段儿童的互动和体验。

通过将托儿所、大厅和其他儿童保育功能放在一楼，将接待处和其他工作人员功能放在二楼，分区设计避免了儿童活动的分隔，并创造了一个有利于不同年龄段儿童互动的环境。

Zoning to create interaction among different age groups - This is a relocation and new construction project for a nursery school in Musashimurayama City, Tokyo. The area has a generous atmosphere, with residential areas spreading toward the Musashino Plateau and Sayama Hills. The previous building was a two-story RC structure, and children's activities were divided between the upper and lower floors. The client wanted a one-story wooden structure for the new building to enrich the interaction and experiences of children of different ages. By placing the nursery room, hall, and other childcare functions on the first floor and the reception desk and other staff functions on the second floor, the zoning was designed to prevent the division of children's activities and create an environment that facilitates interaction among different age groups.

整个场地就是一个 "操场"，孩子们可以在里面和外面走来走去--由于要求采用单层木结构、自行车停车位的数量、所需的儿童看护区以及场地条件，从设计之初就预计学校操场将非常紧凑。

因此，在设计之初，我们就预料到学校操场将是紧凑型的，而不是建造一个单一的大型操场，小型操场将分散在整个场地内。具体来说，必要房间的体量被分散，"操场 "则散布在这些房间周围，形成了一个将内部和外部缓缓连接起来的循环系统。设计的目的是通过扩大整个学校的活动范围，为孩子们创造一个可以自由支配时间的幼儿园。

规划设计通过使用便于从幼儿园房间和大厅进出的开口、凹凸不平的平面、不同质地的院子路面以及在一年中不同时间开花结果的树木，来刺激儿童的五感，并创造各种游戏活动。

The entire site is a "playground" that allows children to walk around both inside and outside - Due to the requirement for a one-story wooden structure, the number of bicycle parking spaces, the required childcare area, and the site conditions, it was anticipated from the beginning of the design that the school yard would be compact. Rather than creating a single large playground, small playgrounds were scattered throughout the site. Specifically, the volume of the necessary rooms was dispersed, and the "playground" was scattered around them, creating a plan with a circulation system that gently connects the inside and outside. The aim was to create a nursery school where children could spend their time freely by expanding their sphere of activity throughout the school. The plan was designed to stimulate the five senses and create a variety of play activities through the use of openings that allow easy access from the nursery rooms and hall, uneven planes, different textures of the yard pavement, and trees that bear flowers and fruit at different times of the year.

幼儿园形状的五栋木屋--平屋顶的高度保持在较低水平，二楼的高天花板和五栋屋形体量的设计与周围独立式房屋的尺度相匹配，创造出一种与城市景观融为一体的柔和结构。

托儿所和 Himawari 厅的横梁被设计成暴露在外，木材的温暖气息笼罩着整个空间，而每个体量都有不同的结构，使每个地方都各具特色。不仅建筑内部使用木材，外部和墙壁也使用木材，营造出温暖的木质内外氛围，使幼儿园建筑无论触及何处都充满童趣。

Five wooden houses in the shape of a nursery school - The height of the flat roof was kept low, and the high ceilings and five house-shaped volumes on the second floor were designed to match the scale of the surrounding detached houses to create a gentle structure that blends in with the townscape. The beams in the nursery and Himawari Hall were designed to be exposed, and the warmth of the wood envelops the space, while each volume has a different structure to give each place its own character. The use of wood not only for the interior of the building but also for the exterior and walls creates a warm wooden atmosphere both inside and out, making the preschool building child-friendly wherever it is touched.

小体量的幼儿园建筑和花园--为了使幼儿园与社区融为一体，体量分散在整个场地中，而庭院则建在体量的边缘。我们建议幼儿园设置一条人行道，将小花园与类似小巷的人行道连接起来，让孩子们可以在室内外行走。项目业主认为，日常托儿所并不需要一个用于体育赛事的大庭院，庭院应足够小，让孩子们可以尽情玩耍，这是本项目的关键所在。

A small-volume preschool building and garden - To make the kindergarten blend in with the community, the volume was scattered throughout the site, and the yard was created in the margins of the volume. We proposed a nursery school with a walkway that connects the small garden with an alley-like walkway, allowing the children to walk inside and outside. The project owner felt that a large yard for sports events was not necessary for daily childcare, and the idea that the yard should be small enough to allow the children to expand their play was the key to this project.