深圳宝安排涝河碧道总体规划方案

自然河岸 ? Image: Shenzhen Hope Design

2021年8月，VenhoevenCS及其团队赢得了中国深圳宝安区排涝河总体规划。

Team VenhoevenCS-HOPE-HUADONG has designed the winning masterplan for a new living landscape along the central Pailao River in the Bao’an district in Shenzhen, China. 

场地位于低海拔的快速城市化地区，排涝河碧道项目将预防因暴雨造成的洪水泛滥。河岸将丰富城市自然景观，将蓄水空间融入社区日常。新的生态区旨在通过公园和驿站来容纳社会和文化活动以及体育活动。除了调节自然的 “海绵效应”外，滨河堤岸将促进经济增长以及整个城区的韧性、认同和活力。该项目体现了 VenhoevenCS 对自然包容设计的远见和追求，通过重塑人类与自然环境的共存，确保所有生命形式的可持续、健康的未来。

As a rapidly urbanising region located below sea level, the Pailao River Blueway Project will prevent flooding due to heavy rainfall. The riverbanks will be enriched with urban nature, incorporating space for water retention, deep into the neighborhood. The new ecological zones are designed to accommodate social and cultural activities and sports with parks and pavilions. In addition to the mediating ‘sponge effect’ of nature, these banks will enhance economic growth as well as the resilience, identity, and vibrancy of the entire city district. The project exemplifies VenhoevenCS’ visionary approach to nature-inclusive design, reshaping the co-existence of the human and natural environment to ensure a sustainable, healthy future for all life forms.

蓝绿韧性篇

Resilience

1. 全流域综合性考虑    

Comprehensive consideration of the whole basin

排涝河位于茅洲河流域下游，理解场地的韧性基底第一步是构建更宏观全面的视野。综合全流域来看，中上游主要问题是过流能力不足，导致水位偏高。下游主要问题是沿岸高程低于排涝河设计水位，导致沿岸各片区排水不畅。   上中下游的问题因地制宜解决，从全域尺度出发考量，全面考虑库区到中游。   --

Pailao River is located in the lower reaches of the Maozhou River Basin. Understanding the issues of Pailao River starts from a more macroscopic perspective. Reviewing the whole basin, the main problem in the middle and upper reaches is the insufficient flow capacity, which leads to the high water level during peak time. In the , the main issue is that the elevation of the urban area is lower than the design water level of the Pailao river, which leads to poor drainage especially waterlogging.       In order to resolve the problems of different sections, adjusted design guidance are suggested to accompany different nature environments from the reservoir area to the middle reaches.

 

三大策略 ? Image: VenhoevenCS

2. 整合周边城区构建海绵城区    

Integrate surrounding urban areas to build sponge urban areas

形成流域认知之后，整合城区到整体海绵策略也异常关键。场地现状存在一些关键的海绵城市痛点。根据现状地势，清晰描绘水流走向，从而定义内涝关键点。通过延缓水流保持水分, 将过量降水从压力区域转移开来。

Besides an adjusted planning guidance, an integrated sponge strategy is also extremely critical. According to the current topography, the water flow direction is clearly depicted to define the key points of waterlogging. The very first step is to retaining the waterflow  which will divert excess precipitation away from stressed areas.

   

海绵城市策略 ? Image: VenhoevenCS

增加现有渠道的储存能力，设计多层阶梯景观净化现状水质 ，这四个过程缓解周边城市区域降雨压力，雨季地表水源通过有效收集，避免在硬质地面形成积水。    

Further the storage capacity of the existing channels exceeded by a multi-layer ladder landscape and it also purifies the current water quality, these processes relieve the rainfall pressure in the surrounding urban areas, and effectively collect the surface water sources in the rainy season to avoid the formation of water accumulation on the hard ground.    

 

自然河岸 ? Image: Shenzhen Hope Design

而储水装置，进一步对水源进行储存，在旱季补充灌溉用水。找到海绵设计的薄弱点，重点强化。学习水流，摸准水流，适应水流。    

Meanwhile the underground water storage stores the water source in wet season while it supplemented as irrigation water in the dry season.    

水循环策略 ? Image: VenhoevenCS

3. 关键节点的适应性设计  

Adaptive design of key nodes

在雨量集中的4-10月，场地内雨洪管理及水生态系统是项目的基础载体。核心节点生命环位于复杂高架立交之下，设计高度为5.8m，高于洪水位。通过架高留出生境生长空间，在洪涝发生时将成为避难空间。    

From April to October when rainfall is concentrated, stormwater management and water ecosystem in the site are the basic carriers of the project. The key node-life ring is located under the complex elevated interchange with a design height of 5.8m, which is higher than the planned water level. The elevated habitat space will serve as the refuge space in extreme weathers.

自然空间水位变化 ? Image: Shenzhen Hope Design

自然空间水位变化 ? Image: Shenzhen Hope Design

沿岸两个节点堤防后退，进行岸线设计和复核，打造生态岸线，也将河水引入节点中。沿岸水岸退台不仅满足人群亲水需求，也给河流以空间。此处驿站最低处为1.0米，可以淹没到2.7米位置。    

In order to create ecological shoreline, the embankments of the two nodes are retreated and redesigned which allows the river water being part of the nodes. The receding platforms along river not only meets the needs of target groups, but also provides space for the river.    The functional space of service station is adaptive and lowest height of it is 1.0 meter height, which can be submerged to 2.7 meter.

 

滨水驿站 ? Image: VenhoevenCS

生态功能篇

Ecology

1.工程化的治理理念

Engineering River

场地现状模糊生硬的环境面貌，是场地踏勘后的第一印象。在深圳基础设施主导的开发模式之下，道路成为了城市中心向郊远城区扩张的主要手段。排涝河全段与高架桥并行，部分位于高架之下。

The ambiguous and blunt environmental appearance of the site is the first impression after the site survey. Under Shenzhen's infrastructure-led development model, roads have become the main means of expansion from the city center to the outer suburbs. The entire section of the Pailao river is parallel to the viaduct, and even part of it is under the viaduct.

现状高架 ? Image:  Shenzhen Hope Design

排涝河经过多年工程化的防洪治理之后，防洪功能达标但滨水岸线硬质化，防洪墙更阻断了亲水的机会。  

After years of being engineered, the Pailao river the waterfront shoreline has been hardened, and the flood control wall has blocked the opportunity for great permeability.

现状水岸 ? Image:  Shenzhen Hope Design

因而在此次城市更新中，滨水空间营造以灰色基础设施为切入点，构建桥下空间与滨水空间和周边城区新的联系，转化灰空间为绿色空间。

Therefore, in our urban renewal proposal, the gray infrastructure is the starting point where we imagine the waterfront space. the space under the bridge will establish a new connection between and the waterfront space and the surrounding urban areas, thus transforming the gray space into a green space.

总平面图 ? Image:    Shenzhen Hope Design

河域内已有两个大的节点，生态资源节点蚝乡湖公园和生态节点千年古墟。设计方案中连续的公共空间由慢行交通方式在排涝河下游建立起来，构建了自然之力的长卷。疗愈生境相关的设计措施，改变当前场地模糊的环境面貌。

Two major nodes along the Pailao river, Haoxiang Lake Park and Historical Village have been constructed. From these two major nodes, the continuous public space network is established by slow traffic including biking system and bus. The healing characters of new nodes change the ambiguous appearance of the current site.

生境策略图 ? Image: VenhoevenCS

2．生境营造的新型措施

New Measures for Habitat Creation

生境营造主要通过对桥下空间的充分利用实现，转换当前单一功能，植入包括运动健身、慢行路径、公园休憩、生态栖息等功能激活桥下灰空间。硬质边界通过湿地和水生植被柔滑水岸，提供了水生动物躲避空间。

Habitat recreation is achieved by making the current abandoned space under the bridge multifunctional. New functions have been proposed including sports and fitness, slow walking paths, park leisure, ecological habitat and other community functions. Hardscape along the waterfront is smoothened by wetlands and aquatic vegetation which will shelter for aquatic animals.

桥下生境 ? Image: Shenzhen Hope Design

桥下湿地绿廊通过对地形调整，构成旱溪水流，水涨时候变成涓涓溪流。夏日也变成目标群体遮荫空间，和动物的落脚空间。碧绿足球场，既是运动场也是生态系统，汛期可以被淹没。整个运动场被生态植物包围，植物设计重点考虑本地植物。

The wetland green corridor under the bridge forms a dry stream by adjusting the terrain, which turns into a trickling stream when the water rises. In summer, it also becomes a shaded space for the target group as well as a habitat for animals. The green football field is a sports field but also an ecosystem, which can be sunk during the flood season. The plantation of the site also focuses on local plants from Shenzhen.

旱溪 ? Image: Shenzhen Hope Design

高架底部的蓝球场，利用蓝绿色透水铺装。多用耐阴植物作为周边种植。在铁路桥和高架桥之下，构建多层次游览路径桥下见川，结合蓄水排流路径。利用碎石、粒石构成旱溪，当暴雨来临之后，更有沉浸感。

Under the railway bridge and viaduct, a multi-level tourist path is proposed to promote slow traffic. The green space along the path has the water storage and drainage functions. A dry streambed is created by gravels, when the rainstorm or rainwater comes, it will be more immersive.

慢行道 ? Image: Shenzhen Hope Design

3.重要节点的疗愈价值

The healing value of important nodes

生态可持续的价值也在驿站体现，城市中心找不到的宁静气息在这里聚拢。驿站作为主要交通节点，串联慢行系统，成为新生活方式主要的汇聚点。

The ecologically sustainable value is reflected in the design of service station, where the tranquil atmosphere is appreciated here. As the main transportation node, it is connected with the slow-moving system and becomes the showroom of the new Pailao lifestyle.

驿站 ? Image: Shenzhen Hope Design

通过生态浮岛节点箱涵进行了改线，使得河道的水与节点内的水进行连通，增进了生态调蓄功能。

In this node, we change the river section and create a wetland habitat so t the ecological regulation and storage function could be improved.

河道剖面 ? Image: VenhoevenCS

绵延的排涝河水岸生活工作带，将构成区位于沙井河河茅洲河的疗愈气质。服务居民，面向来客，拥抱自然。

The continuous living and working belt along the water bank of the drainage river will constitute the healing temperament. It will become the ideal place where residents live in harmony with animals.

 

慢行滨水空间 ? Image: Shenzhen Hope Design  

滨水开发篇

Waterfront Urban Redevelopment

1. 水域慢行体验 主导，构建15分钟慢行城市

The slow water experience is dominated by the construction of a 15-minute slow city

下游河域治理，将从规划上超越红线范畴。把周边更新地块纳入海绵统筹范围，给河流全域带来更多绿色空间渗透。浸润水城以水为媒带动城市更新再造活力滨水城区。

The design governance of the downstream Pailao river will go beyond the red line. It will include the surrounding renewal plots in the overall planning scope of the sponge. Thus more green space penetration to the whole river area. uses water as a medium to drive urban renewal and rebuild the vitality of the waterfront urban area.

现状机理 ? Image: VenhoevenCS

先对交通梳理，围绕大运输量交通核构建多层级换乘中心。以滨水驿站与旅游节点为核心，构建自行车生活方式节点，湿地驿站将成为重要慢行转换点 。滨水社区10分钟可达，构建公交到步行的无缝衔接。结合两河流域特点，将滨水空间与特色城市空间结合，构建主题性质的公交环线。

First, a layer public transport network is suggested to give more priority to slow traffic. A multi-mode transfer centre is expected to plan around the traffic core to cope with large transportation volume. Based on the waterfront station and tourism node, the wetland station will become an important transition point for slow lifestyle. The residents from community could reach waterfront in 10 minutes. Combining the characteristics of the two river, the waterfront space and the characteristic urban space are synchronized to construct a thematic bus loop.

交通系统策略 ? Image: VenhoevenCS

2. 水资源重新配置为契机，引导周边城市地块开发

The reconfiguration of water resources as an opportunity for redevelopment of urban plots

以水资源重新配置为契机，整合周边更新地块开发。关注排涝河5km半径地块，定义六种地块更新导则。

The reconfiguration of water resources acts as an opportunity to integrate the redevelopment of surrounding plots. Thus urban plots in 5km radius will be considered and six kinds of plot update guidelines are defined to maximum the character of sponge spaces.

 

城市开发策略 ? Image: VenhoevenCS

滨水办公复合区，靠近滨水区域，提升河域可达性，高密居住环境和向河视野并存活化工厂安居区，是靠近滨水工厂地块，转化视野通廊周边立面为活力界面，塑造社区新的目的地。

The factory plots close to the waterfront, providing a visual corridor when the current accessibility is weak. The facades of factory buildings are transformed into dynamic interfaces. Part of the factory structure is retain while a new destination for the community is shaped.

滨水办公复合区 ? Image: VenhoevenCS

蓝色混合社区是城中村面向滨水地块，靠近滨水，水作为居住品质将会被充分释放。通过引入河水，提供河域行洪空间同时给地块注入新的生活动力。靠水低层，沿街高层，提供公园入口衔接周边城中村地块。

Waterfront mixed community The village in the city faces the waterfront land. The low-rise buildings near the water and the high-rise buildings along the street provide the entrance of the park to connect the surrounding urban village plots.

蓝色混合社区 ? Image: VenhoevenCS

文化润城紧邻城中村，沿水渠植入公共空间。

Cultural community is a high-density plot and also the most dynamic plot in the    city. 

文化润城 ? Image: VenhoevenCS

望水门户是河域地标所在，靠近蚝乡湖公园规划亲水街区。望水门户是河域地标所在，转化高架桥劣势为地标设计特点。高层之下，是低层商业建筑与现有蚝乡湖公园的亲水街区。高层沿道路设置，视野开阔四面通达。

Wangshui Gateway is the landmark of the river area, transforming the disadvantage of the viaduct into a landmark design feature. Below the high-rise, there are low-rise commercial buildings and the water block of the existing Haoxiang Lake Park. The high-rise buildings are set up along the road.

望水门户 ? Image: VenhoevenCS

海绵公寓，靠近绿色开放空间。重点构建与公共空间联系，形成连续慢行生活体验。

Sponge Apartment is close to the green open space of the Mesopotamia, and focuses on building a connection with the public space to form a continuous slow-moving life experience.

 

海绵公寓 ? Image: VenhoevenCS

在此基础上，构建三大平台，生态生产平台，蚝乡旅游平台，可持续生活平台。充实排涝河滨水生活带内涵，进一步结合地块定义公共空间导则，形成一轴一带空间格局。

On this basis, three urban clusterings are expected to establish, namely ecological production platform, oyster tourism platform, sustainable living platform. The connotation of the waterfront living belt of the Pailao river is enriched.

三大平台策略图 ? Image: VenhoevenCS

3. 以水为媒，水生活品牌构建

Using water as a medium, building a water life brand

最终目标是围绕排涝河流域空间，以水为媒打造活力城区新品牌。生产工厂蓝绿日常，周边工厂转型，两轴交汇节点是排涝河公园重要交点。也是迎来送往的活动中心，日常作为“工会文化和工会活动日”的引入，是附近工人群体汇聚地。沙井蚝乡一日的游客，他们游览沙井古墟后,来到蚝井之心广场休憩停留，继续往沙井河进发，本地居民愈加混合,滨水生活咫尺可达。

The ultimate goal is to build a new brand of vibrant urban areas around the Pailao river basin space and use water as a medium. The intersection of the two axes is an activity centre for ushered in and it is a gathering place for nearby workers. One-day trip visitors to Shajing Historical Village, after visiting the Shajing Ancient Market could take a rest here. The local residents are diverse, and the waterfront life is within easy reach.

游客游览路径 ? Image: VenhoevenCS  

当地居民游览路径 ? Image: VenhoevenCS

高密混合城区中缺乏的公共空间，居民在这里可以倾情呼吸，尽情运动。同时作为茅洲河联通河流，沿线提供生态浮岛和软质堤岸作为生物落脚空间。

The residents could enjoy free air and fully stretch them here. It is the open space which is lacking in high-density mixed urban areas. Meanwhile, as Maozhou River connects the river, ecological floating islands and soft embankments are provided along the line as living space for living creature.

 

上班族游览路径 ? Image: VenhoevenCS

  项目信息 

项目位置：中国，深圳
项目类型：总体规划
项目业主：深圳宝安区水务局

规划与建筑设计：VenhoevenCS 建筑与城市规划事务所
景观设计：深圳翰博设计股份有限公司

水利设计：中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院(HDEC)

设计-完成：2021-2023
项目面积：736.000 ㎡

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