土木在线论坛 \ 建筑结构 \ 混凝土结构 \ 历经五年，上下错位的结构形式，实现超大跨度与超远悬挑，被誉为“巨人的阶梯”——深圳简上体育综合体

历经五年，上下错位的结构形式，实现超大跨度与超远悬挑，被誉为“巨人的阶梯”——深圳简上体育综合体

发布于：2022-11-18 09:44:18 来自：建筑结构/混凝土结构 [复制转发]

深圳简上体育综合体

CCDI悉地国际

▲ ? 张超

历经五年的设计及建设，简上体育综合体竣工并全面投入使用。简上体育综合体是国内垂直体育馆，曾经被《人民日报》誉为“巨人的阶梯”。这一比喻形象的说明了该建筑在顺应场地条件和功能需求时所采取的形态策略。

受场地限制，体育场馆在垂直方向上进行叠加布置。呼应场地周边的城市空间，建筑体量错位叠加，退让南侧学校，在北侧形成有遮阴的室外广场。

After five years of design and construction, the Jianshang Sports Complex was completed and fully put into use. Jianshang Sports Complex is the first vertical gymnasium in China, once praised by People's Daily as "the stairway of giants". This metaphor illustrates the morphological strategy adopted by the building in adapting to site conditions and functional needs. Due to the limitations of the site, the stadium is superimposed vertically. Echoing the urban space around the site, the building volume is dislocated and superimposed, giving way to the school on the south side and forming a shaded outdoor plaza on the north side.

▲ ? 张超

▲ ? 夏至

利用地形高差，将体量最大的综合馆和游泳馆嵌入地下，占据负一层至二层空间。羽毛球馆和网球馆体量大而集中，分别置于顶上四层和五层，在上下大型场馆之间的三层，设置一些小型场馆，比如跆拳道、击剑、乒乓球、舞蹈和健身等。

Taking advantage of the terrain, the main gymnasium and swimming pool are embedded in the ground, occupying the first basement to second-floor space. The badminton hall and tennis hall are large and concentrated, placed on the top four and fifth floors respectively, and on the third floor between the upper and lower large venues, some small venues are set up, such as taekwondo, fencing, table tennis, dance, and fitness, etc.

▲ ? 夏至

从宏观上看，简上体育综合体融入城市的同时又不失个性。一方面，错动的体量消弱了建筑庞大的体量感，与周边城市肌理相协调。另一方面，极简的形态建立起别具一格的视觉特征，很容易从混乱的城市背景中脱离出来。走近看，建筑多孔性的特征渐趋明显。

From a macro point of view, the sports complex integrates into the city without losing its personality. On the one hand, the dislocated volumes of the building weaken the sense of heaviness and harmonize with the surrounding urban fabric. On the other hand, the minimal form establishes a distinctive visual identity that is easily detached from the chaotic urban background.

▲ ? 张超

▲ 剖透视

在建筑底部，贯通南北的开敞门厅吸引市民自由出入。

楼梯上下连接，并与地面广场相接，鼓励市民在闭馆之后继续使用这些开放空间。

在其上各层，均有露台、花园、架空休憩空间植入。

Looking closer, the characteristics of the porosity of the building gradually become obvious. At the base of the building, an open foyer connecting north and south invites citizens to enter and exit freely. On each upper floor, there are terraces, gardens, and overhead resting spaces. Stairs connect up and down and connect with the plaza on the ground floor, encouraging citizens to continue using these open spaces after closing.

▲ 开敞门厅 ? 夏至

▲ ? 张超

▲ 环形室外跑道 ? 张超

▲ 首层开敞中庭 ? 夏至

▲ 南广场 ? 张超

▲ 开敞中庭 ? 张超

与深圳湿热的气候条件相呼应，有遮盖的开放空间为市民提供了烈日下的一片阴影，一个可自由行走的去处。这些没有墙的开放空间容纳了门厅、电梯厅等必要的功能，由此将使用空调的房间边界尽量内缩，创造出一种自由开放的活动氛围。

我们的目标是建造一座“透明”的建筑，不是去追求投射在视网膜上的透明性，而是能够在大脑中还原出来的建造逻辑上的透明性。

Echoing Shenzhen's hot and humid climate, the covered open space provides citizens with shade under the scorching sun and a place to walk freely. These wallless open spaces accommodate the necessary functions such as foyers and elevator halls, so that the boundaries of the air-conditioned rooms are as recessive as possible, creating a free and open atmosphere of activity. Our goal is to build a "transparent" building, not to pursue the transparency projected on the retina, but to restore the transparency of the construction logic in the brain.

▲ 开敞中庭 ? 张超

▲ 四层北边庭 ? 张超

▲ 四层南边庭 ? 夏至

▲ 四层南边庭 ? 张超

▲ 南广场室外篮球场 ? 张超

结构忠实的还原了建筑空间，建筑形态上错动的盒子亦可解读为上下错位的结构体。主体结构主要由六个钢筋混凝土筒体支撑，每层由层间钢桁架与腰桁架共同受力，上下错动，实现超大跨度与超远悬挑。

结构模数以钢结构杆件的合理节间距控制，这一模数系统也贯穿到建筑、幕墙、景观、室内空间的尺度划分上。不可否认的是，这是一座使用了超过 9000 吨钢材的庞然大物，其重量不可不谓巨大。然而，由杆件所形成的主体结构却化解了整体粗笨的感觉，结合建筑形态，反而有一种漂浮升腾的轻盈感。

The structure faithfully expresses the architectural space, and the dislocated boxes in the architectural form can also be interpreted as a structure that is dislocated up and down. The main structure is mainly supported by six reinforced concrete cores, each layer is jointly stressed by the inter-layer steel truss and the waist truss, up and down dislocation, to achieve an ultra-large span and ultra-long cantilever. The structural module is controlled by the reasonable joint spacing of the steel structure members, and this modular system also runs through the scale division of buildings, such as curtain walls, landscapes, and indoor spaces as well. It is undeniable that this is a behemoth that uses more than 9,000 tons of steel. However, the main structure formed by the members dissolves the overall rough feeling and combined with the architectural form, there is a sense of light floating and rising.

▲ ? 张超

▲ 三层屋面篮球场 ? 张超

▲ 三层室外广场北侧 ? 夏至

▲ 三层室外广场南侧 ? 张超

▲ 三层室外广场西侧 ? 张超

建筑立面与结构在几何关系上、亦在构造连接和材料属性上，通过清晰肯定的方式连为一体。建筑立面采用双层表皮的做法，外层为铝拉板网，内层为 low-e 彩釉玻璃。外层铝拉板网从墙面延伸到室外吊顶，刻画出单纯完整的体量感。由于铝拉板网自身半透明的特性和方向性，不同视角、时段和天气条件下，明暗、透明度均有着微妙的变化。表面肌理的变化，消解了建筑巨大的体量带来的压迫感。

双层表皮在保证室内进光量的同时，还能有效阻止眩光。按照建筑师的设想，这将是一栋节能型的体育馆，充分利用自然采光及通风，能够有效降低运营期间照明及空调能耗，节省投资。

The building fa?ade and structure are connected geometrically, constructively, and materially in a clear and affirmative way. The fa?ade of the building adopts a double-layer skin, the outer layer is aluminum mesh, and the inner layer is Low-E low iron glazed glass. The outer layer of aluminum mesh extends from the wall to the outdoor ceiling, underlining a simple and complete sense of wholeness. Due to the translucency and directionality of the aluminum mesh, there are subtle changes in light and darkness under different viewing angles, time periods, and weather conditions. The change in surface texture relieves the sense of oppression caused by the huge volume of the building. The double skin ensures the amount of light entering the rooms while effectively preventing glare. According to the architects, it will be an energy-saving stadium that makes full use of natural lighting and ventilation, which can effectively reduce the energy consumption of lighting and air conditioning during operation.

▲ 五层室外平台 ? 张超

▲ 室内游泳池 ? 张超

▲ 室外游泳池 ? 张超

大部分室内场馆反映出朴素的工业美感。这既是对成本限制的呼应，更是“返璞归真”的主观愿望牵引，剔除一些可有可无的装修，做到少费而多用。回到为运动创造空间的本质。

简上体育综合体是 CCDI 境工作室所有主持设计的项目之中难度系数最大、覆盖范围最广、控制深度最高的一个项目。如果以文学写作类比，简上体育综合体的创作相当于写一部长篇小说。在长达五年六个月的持久战中，我们监督绘制了数千张技术图纸，数百次深入工地查看进度及质量，数十次参与各种技术、管理协调会议。除了建筑专业的工作之外，我们还进行了室内、景观、幕墙、标识、灯光等专业的设计，并对其余近 40 个相关专业的设计工作进行监督审核和统筹协调。

Most of the indoor venues reflect an austere industrial aesthetic. This is not only an echo of cost constraints, but also a subjective desire to "return to basics", eliminating some optional decorations, so as to achieve less cost and more use, and back to the essence of creating space for sports as well. The Jianshang Sports Complex is the project with the largest difficulty, the widest coverage, and the highest depth of control among all the projects hosted and designed by CCDI Jing Studio. If we use the analogy of literary writing, the creation of the sports complex is equivalent to writing a long novel. In the protracted batt le of five years and six months, we supervised thousands of technical drawings, hundreds of visits to the construction site to check the progress and quality, and dozens of technical and management coordination meetings. In addition to the work of architecture, we also carried out the design of the interior, landscape, curtain wall, signage, lighting, and other professions, and supervised, reviewed, and coordinated the design work of nearly 40 other related professions.