第一作者: 马清泉
通讯作者: 张文
通讯单位: 新泽西理工学院
中文摘要
Membrane aging膜材料的老化一直是膜技术应用过程的重要过程,对于可持续或耐用性膜材料开发至关重要。新泽西理工大学土木与环境工程系张文教授课题组早期研究过聚合材料或聚合膜的老化机理 (如下)。
近期该组于Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research发表研究论文并报道了电化学膜过滤过程中的电化学膜老化机制和副产物形成。通过检测电化学膜的物理化学和电化学特性的变化,描述了两种催化电化学膜的老化。对滤液中的卤化副产物进行了分析,以建立与运行参数(如电流密度和溶液pH值)的联系。具体来说,本研究集中在两种电化学膜的老化过程,多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)和四氧化三铁杂化氮化碳(Fe 3 O 4 @g-C 3 N 4 )电化学陶瓷膜。在较高电流密度(~20 mA·cm -2 )和阳极电位(~10 V)下,MWCNTs和Fe 3 O 4 @g-C 3 N 4 催化剂出现了明显的氧化,表现在两个电化学膜的拉曼光谱带的强度比(ID/IG)和电荷转移电阻(Rct)的增加。在电极电位的变化下,氯化物或溴化物在1-10 mmol-L -1 的水平上被氧化为溴酸盐(BrO 3 ? )和氯酸盐(ClO 3 ? )。BrO 3 ? 和ClO 3 ? 的形成取决于溶液的pH值、电流密度(1─20 mA·cm -2 )和Cl/Br离子的初始浓度。这项研究有利于电化学反应膜过程的安全和合理的设计和操作,在相关的水过滤环境下,膜老化和有毒副产物的形成值得进一步的研究。
英文简介
Dr. Wen Zhang’s group at New Jersey Institute of Technology reported electrochemical membrane aging mechanisms and byproducts formation during membrane filtration. Specifically, this study investigated the membrane aging processes of two types of conductive membranes, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and ferrite/graphitic carbon nitride hybrids (Fe 3 O 4 @g-C 3 N 4 ) coated on ceramic membranes. Under high current densities (~20 mA·cm ?2 ) and anodic potentials (~10 V), MWCNTs and Fe 3 O 4 @g-C 3 N 4 catalysts underwent evident oxidation as indicated by an increase in the intensity ratio of the Raman spectral bands (ID/IG) and charge transfer resistance (Rct) of two electrochemical membranes. Under variations of electrode potentials, chloride or bromide were shown to be oxidized to bromate (BrO 3 ? ) and chlorate (ClO 3 ? ) at levels of 1-10 mmol·L ?1 . The formation of BrO 3 ? and ClO 3 ? was dependent on the solution pH, current densities (1-20 mA·cm ?2 ) and initial concentrations of Br or Cl ions. This study is beneficial to warrant a safe and rational design and operation of electrochemically reactive membrane processes, membrane ageing and toxic byproduct’s formation deserve careful characterization under relevant water filtration environments.
This research is supported by New Jersey Water Resources Research Institute (NJWRRI) Grant (Project Number: 2020NJ025B), NSF PFI grant (Award number: 2016472), NSF INTERN grant (Award number: 1836036), National Natural Science Foundation of China (52070117) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) P3 Program under Assistance Agreement No. (83945201).
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