阿尔卡拉教堂：新旧元素串联起场所记忆

设计单位    Alejandro Beautell

项目地点   西班牙特内里费

建成时间    2020 年

建筑面积    1 1 00 平方米

摄影  Flavio Dorta

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多年来，由于安全原因，旧的阿尔卡拉教堂被关闭并在 2011年拆除， 代表当地人虔诚和 传统的圣母像 只能放在市政厅指定的地方 供 人们 礼拜 。 该社区居民一直希望能重建该教堂。 近年， 为 响应这一社会需求， 坎德拉里亚教区、特内里费教区、加那利群岛政府，以及吉亚德索拉市议会联手，为阿尔卡拉建造了一座新的教堂。没有建筑形制的参考，新教堂需重现昔日风光，并成为该地新的地标建筑。

For years, since the closure for security reasons of the old Alcalá Church -finally demolished in 2011-, the residents of the Alcalá neighborhood have tried to favor the reconstruction of the lost temple which was under the invocation of the Virgin of Candelaria. This construction, for various reasons, has been frustrated and, till the date, the image of the Virgin, a symbol of great devotion and tradition among the locals, was in a place that the City Council gave for worship. In recent years, the Parish of Candelaria, the Bishopric of Tenerife, the Government of the Canary Islands, and the City Council of Guía de Isora, in order to respond to this social demand, have joined forces to make a new temple for Alcalá. In an area without architectural references, the new church had to recover the memory of the disappeared hermitage, and constitute an architectural landmark in the neighborhood, a new center for Alcalá. 

该建筑总建筑面积为1100平方米，分为两层。半地下室层包括服务空间：多用途教区房间、车库、仓库、设备房和卫生间。上层空间是教堂和圣器收藏室，可直接通往广场。

The building has a total constructed area of 1,100 m2 spread over two levels. The semi-basement floor includes the servant spaces: parish rooms for multiple uses, garage, warehouse, facilities rooms and toilets. Above the rooms, with access from the square, are the Church and the sacristy.

新的阿尔卡拉教堂，在坎德拉里亚圣母的感召下，向我们诉说着传统，以及关于旧建筑的古老记忆：它独自矗立在熔岩形成的荒地上，它的精神一直延续至今。

The new Church of Alcalá, under the invocation of the Virgin of Candelaria, tells us about the tradition, about the recovery of the memory of that old construction that stood alone on the badlands of lava that underlies, even today, under the asphalt.

△ ? 手绘草图 ?Alejandro Beautell

基于此，新教堂设计有新旧两种不同形式的中殿，将一个空间划分为二。旧的空间还原了旧教堂的形状和位置，重新诠释了岛上的传统建筑，并试图恢复原有建筑的记忆，减少因拆除而造成的失落感。

Starting from these premises, the new temple is formalized in two different naves, "the old one" and "the new one". A single interior space becomes into two different volumes from the outside. One of them recovers the shape and position of the old hermitage in a reinterpretation of the traditional architecture of the islands as an attempt to recover its memory and attenuate the feeling of loss that its demolition caused. 

△ ? 轴测剖面图 ?Alejandro Beautell

墙壁是新的，但所包含的氛围是相似的，并凝结了当地所有的记忆时刻。圣母像被 重新放置回原来的位置，并被保护在一个洞窟中， 契合它对加那利群岛 原住民 的意义。

The walls are new, but the air they enclose is the same and condenses all the moments lived in that place. The image of the Virgin returns to its pristine position, occupying the same place as in yesteryear, at the head of the ancient body, this time protected in a cave that recalls its appearance to the Guanches (aborigines of the Canary Islands).

另一个空间则像是蜡烛的火焰，笔直通高。天井将更多光线引入空间，照亮祈祷室，将新旧两个中殿串联起来，象征传统与现代的连接。

The other volume, like a flame -the fire of the candle-, seeks the verticality bringing greater representation to the interior space which culminates in a skylight that illuminates the presbytery and connects both naves, the old and the new one, symbolizing that there is a bridge between tradition and modernity.

空间设计来源于当地传统宗教建筑，围绕带有天井的中殿建造。由于当地严格的建设要求，建筑被分解成不同体量，使之能与周边道路齐平。

The aggregation of volumes comes from the typology of vernacular religious architecture, growing by naves with a patio attached. The strategy of decomposing the building into differentiated volumes has also been used in response to the rigid urban conditions that forced it to align the building with the perimeter road.

建筑在材料选择上非常简单，配合着自然采光，使空间有一种追求本质的苦行特质。还原旧建筑的空间是由混凝土，以及场地原有的天然石材建造。它轮廓分明的建筑饰面是用传统的石灰涂抹方式做成，石灰的白色与新建筑中的赭色形成鲜明对比。

At material level, the construction is very austerity, the simplicity of the materials used and the use of resources such as natural lighting give to the space an ascetic character that seeks the essential. The volume that recalls the old hermitage is executed in cyclopean concrete with recovery of the natural stone existing on the site. The chiseled finish of this body is finished, in the traditional way, with lime. The white of the lime contrasts with the ocher color used in the new volume, which is also built in concrete, this time mass-stained and bush-hammered with different intensities.

设计图纸 ▽

△ ? 平面图 ? Alejandro Beautell

△ ? 立面图 ?Alejandro Beautell

△ ? 剖面图 ?Alejandro Beautell

完整项目信息

Building: Church of Nuestra Se?ora de Candelaria in Alcalá

Situation: C/ Julia Trujillo no 1, Alcalá, Guía de Isora, Tenerife, Espa?a

Client: Obispado de Tenerife

Architect: Alejandro Beautell

Photographer: Flavio Dorta

Constructor: Construcciones Rodríguez Mesa

Collaborators: Eloy Fernández I quantity surveyor, IGS Ingenieros I electrical-lighting, Pedro León I security coordinator, C+C Consultores I structure

Project year: 2017

Built year: 2020

Built-up area: 1100m2