悬浮的零碳“巨构”：罗杰斯事务所赢立陶宛一商务中心设计竞赛

△ 建筑外观效果图  ?Plomp

罗杰斯事务所（RSHP）在由立陶宛建筑师协会及右岸发展基金会（隶属于Lords LB投资管理公司）组织的一项竞赛中取胜，将为立陶宛维尔纽斯市的中央商务区打造一处面积为1.92平方米的零碳商务中心，其高为7层，将提供超1.6万平方米的办公空间。

Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners (RSHP) has won an international competition organised by the Lithuanian Union of Architects and Right Bank Development Fund, managed byLords LB Asset Management, to design a new carbon zero 19,200sq m business centre within the CBD in the city of Vilnius, Lithuania. The scheme will provide over 16,000sq m of office space over the 7-storey business centre. 

△ 模型照片  ?RSHP

RSHP团队 作为 首席建筑设计师，与Buro Happold工程团队和Gillespies景观设计团队紧密合作，完成了这一方案的设计。

RSHP is the lead design architect on the project working closely with Buro Happold engineers and Gillespies landscape architects.

 

Lords LB公司基金经理Marius ?emaitis表示：“竞赛以促进工作者的健康为评选标准，为市民提供更多的公共空间。此外，可持续性也是另一项关键的评选标准，希望方案设计能在施工过程中使用可持续材料，以将能源消耗控制到最低，减少对环境的负面影响。从上述标准来看，RSHP团队的方案设计是非常出色的。”

“When we were evaluating the competition submissions, we were looking for a design that encouraged wellbeing for the people working in the centre and to provide more public spaces for the citizens. Another crucial evaluation criterion is sustainability. The goal is to use sustainable materials during construction, to ensure minimum energy consumption and to minimize the negative impact on the environment. RSHP and the team provided a design which excelled all these criteria.” says Marius ?emaitis, fund manager of the investment management company Lords LB Asset Management.

 

△ 建筑外观效果图  ?Plomp

全新的城市广场与屋顶公共平台，是这一位于维尔纽斯新老城区交汇处的项目的设计核心。自然与公共空间的便捷可达性，是维尔纽斯显要的空间特征之一。包括临近河流的场地、本地的树种和周边景观，景观设计的主题特意提取自当地环境，有助于方案特征的塑造，并使建筑与城市相融。

A new citys quare and public roof terrace is at the heart of the design for a new business complex located in a crossroads between the old and the new in the city of Vilnius. Easy access to nature and public spaces is a distinct feature of Vilnius and the design themes for the landscape have purposefully been drawn from the local context, including the site’s proximity to the river, indigenous tree species and surrounding landscape, helping to give distinct character to the scheme whilst embedding it into the city.

 

△ 概念草图  ?RSHP

△ 建筑外观效果图  ?Plomp

事务所副合伙人Jack Newton说：“这是一种真正体现协作的设计方式。我们与工程师及景观设计师密切合作，营造出一个与周围城市环境互动，同时具有环保观念的工作空间。我们还将公共空间引入工作空间的中心，创造出一个注重自然与健康的全新场所。”

Jack Newton, Associate Partner, Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners, says “This has been a truly collaborative approach to design. We have worked closely with the engineers and landscape architects to create a modern and environmentally conscious work space that engages with the surrounding city, brings public space into the heart ofthe new work space and creates a new location that focuses on nature and wellbeing.”

 

景观设计单位Gillespies的合伙人补充道：“全新的广场与屋顶公共平台旨在改善（大家的）健康，促进合作与知识共享，并提供一个社交聚会的场所。屋顶平台上设有一处观景台，可在此俯瞰维尔纽斯市旧城的壮美天际线。”

Stephen Richards, Partner, Gillespies, says “A new square and public roof terrace aimto improve wellbeing, encourage collaboration and knowledge sharing as well as act as a social meeting place for everyone. The roof terrace will also providea wonderful viewing platform overlooking Vilnius Old Town skyline.”

 

△ 模型照片  ?RSHP

项目位于中央商务区中心位置的Konstitucijos大道，被构想为一处公共空间与全新的商务区门户。这是一处聚集的场所，商店与咖啡馆的拱廊，以及商务中心核心处的有顶公共通道，将中央商务区与老城区联系起来。新设通道的上方是一个巨大的楼梯，在公共展示面上清晰可见，建立起中庭两侧的连接。

The project islocated on Konstitucijos Avenue at the heart of the CBD and is conceived as a public space and entrance to the new business centre. The scheme is a place for coming together, linking the CBD with the Old Town through an arcade of shops and cafes as wellas a covered public street through the heart of the new business centre. Above the new street is a grand staircase, visible to the public and connects oneside of the courtyard with the other.

 

一系列露台与种植平台漂浮于空间中，彼此间由一系列宽大的台阶相连。这也创造出一个核心的场所，可用于聚会、招待、休息和运动。空间上方是中庭的全玻璃屋面，其结合了自动新风与太阳能控制系统，既允许阳光照进建筑的中心，也确保了内部环境的舒适。

A sequence of platforms and planted landings float within the space connected by an array of generously scaled steps. These create a central venue that is as much about gathering to meet, greet or retreat as it is about movement. Above is a fully glazed atrium roof incorporating automated natural ventilation a nd solar control systems to allow daylight into the heart of the building while ensuring a comfortable environment.

 

△ 中庭效果图  ?Plomp

“维尔纽斯的惊人之处，在于不同时期建筑物的并置呈现——双层的木屋、巴洛克式的教堂、宏伟的新古典主义建筑、苏维埃时期的现代主义建筑和玻璃上闪着光芒的高层建筑，它们彼此间紧密相连。”

Simon Smithson, Partner, Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners, says “Whatis striking about Vilnius is the juxtaposition of buildings of different periods, where by two storey wooden houses, baroque churches, grand neo classical ensembles, modernist buildings of the Soviet period and sparkling new glass high rise buildings sit cheek by jowl.”

 

事务所合伙人Simon Smithson说道：“此次设计的场地也反映出了这种异质性，四条边界上的建筑分别关联着城市发展的不同时期。我们的设计旨在将这些不同的背景进行融合，形成一条连接新旧维尔纽斯的纽带。”

“The site for our building reflects this heterogeneity with the buildings on each of the four boundaries pertaining to different eras in the evolution of the City. Our design aims to meld these diverse contexts together shaping a route between the old Vilnius and the new.” 

△ 鸟瞰效果图  ?RSHP

项目旨在获得 WELL、A++能源等级建筑与BREEAM（英国建筑研究院环境评估方法）杰出级别认证。在基于科学的工程手段的支持下，方案平衡被动式设计要素，为近乎零碳的发展模式铺筑了道路。设计团队最大限度地利用被动式手段，采用节能发电设施，改进暖通系统，并用可再生技术抵消耗能。

The project is targ eting a WELL certification, A++ Energy Class Building and BREEAM Outstanding. Through a balance of passive design features supported by science-base dengineering solutions the tea m has paved the way for anearly net zero carbon development, maximising passive measures, utilising energy efficient generation, optimised HVAC and offsetting energy demands with renewable technologies. 

 

结构设计公司Buro Happold的合伙人Hayden Nuttall表示，兼具自动遮阳与混合式通风能力的双层外墙成为零碳设计的关键之一。建筑的外立面选用了玻璃材质，在最大程度利用视景与日照的同时，围合起宽阔、通畅的办公空间。

“A key part ofthis is a hybrid double skin fa?ade with automated solar shading and the capability for mix mode ventilation. The facades are glazed to maximise views and daylight, and enclose large, unobstructed office spaces whilst seeking to maximise daylight” says Hayden Nuttall, Partner, Structural Engineering, Buro Happold.

 

△ 室内效果图  ?Plomp

削减隐含碳也是设计的关键。对于该项目而言，设计团队营造出类似于“无柱”的空间感受。楼板梁由横跨建筑全长的三组桁 架和一个支撑楼板5.25米短边的二级楼板框架支撑，搭配交叉层压木地板，与传统 建筑技术相比实现了显著的减碳效果。建筑材料尽可能地从当地采购，以反映维尔纽斯的环境与物质遗产。

Reducing embodiedcarbon is a critical ambition for the design. Forthis project, we have created the illusion of ‘column-free’ space. The floorbeams have support from three trusses spanning the length of th e building and a secondary floor frame supporting short floor spans of 5.25m, ut ilising cross laminated timber floor planks to achieve a significant embodied carbon reduction compared to conventional construction techniques. Materials, where possible, are intended to be locally sourced to reflect the local environment and material heritage of Vilnius.

△ 剖透视示意图  ?RSHP

△ 模型照片  ?RSHP