湖州·西南小学

米丈建筑 MINAX Architects

当天目山山脉由南向北奔涌到太湖的时候，彼时的峻岭与沟壑，此刻已缓慢没入广袤的湖畔平原。在湖与山之间，人们建起了城，建起了中国最富庶和浪漫的江南。西南小学就选址于这山与城之间，乘着这山水的灵秀，开始一段“巡檐风与月，隐几水兼山”的建造之旅。

When the Tianmu Mountains rush from south to north to Taihu Lake, the steep ridges and ravines of that time have slowly submerged into the vast lakeside plain at this moment. People built cities between the lake and the mountains and created the wealthiest and most romantic area in China, Jiangnan. The Southwest Elementary School is located between the mountain and the city. Taking advantage of the beauty of the landscape, it begins a construction journey of “patrolling the eaves of the wind and the moon, reclusion in landscape”.

When the Tianmu Mountains rush from south to north to Taihu Lake, the steep ridges and ravines of that time have slowly submerged into the vast lakeside plain at this moment. People built cities between the lake and the mountains and created the wealthiest and most romantic area in China, Jiangnan. The Southwest Elementary School is located between the mountain and the city. Taking advantage of the beauty of the landscape, it begins a construction journey of “patrolling the eaves of the wind and the moon, reclusion in landscape”.

该项目位于湖州的一个新开发的城市区域，周围是规划的住宅区，北侧是社区公园，南侧是河流对面连续的山景。在中国习惯的建筑观念中，居住区与公共建筑是截然不同的体系。住宅区域封闭内敛。

学校作为城市中为数不多的公共活动聚集地之一，由于功能和安全因素的影响，在建筑形态和管理机制上都是孤立的。当建筑和街区之间的隔阂越来越严重的时候，我们希望用一个真正能够回应环境和城市的建筑，给社区带来一种开放和积极的态度。

The site is located in a newly developed urban area in Huzhou, surrounded by planned residential areas, with a community park on the north side and a continuous mountain view across the river on the south side. In China’s customary construction concept, residential areas and public buildings are distinct systems. The residential area is closed and introverted. As one of the few gathering places for public activities in the urban area, the school is isolated in terms of architectural form and management mechanism due to function and safety factors. When the barriers between building and block become more and more serious, we hope to use a building that can truly respond to the environment and the city to bring an open and positive attitude to the community.

基地的长轴与南北方向成45度角。为了保证教室的南向采光，主要教学单元建筑布置在南北方向。在南北轴线上，食堂、教室、文化体育中心依次排列。由于轴线的扭转， 建筑发生了有趣的变化 ，被一分为二的主要教学单元自然地沿着场地边界转弯，形成了一个相对封闭的庭院。

短翼围合的庭院入口正对城市，正对山景。我们顺便放大了短翅并在形状上斜切。由于外力的介入，庭院入口在平面上收缩，在垂直上扩张，呈现出动态的对称平衡。随着观众脚步的变化，庭院呈现出不同维度的运动，建筑也随之进行了重塑。 在面向城市和山景的一端，建筑的屋顶被切割成一个扩大的斜坡，由一系列交错的台阶排列，自然地成为一个面向外部的看台。

植物也从地面延伸到屋顶，成为穿过场地的两束绿光。其间错落的采光玻璃窗犹如绿野中的宝石，白天和黑夜都闪闪发光。此时，建筑不再遵循内敛的自我秩序，而是抛弃了自身的障碍，融入城市，成为独特地域语境的缔造者。

The long axis of the site forms an angle of 45 degrees with the north-south direction. In order to ensure the southern lighting of the classrooms, the main teaching units building is arranged in the north-south direction. On the north-south axis, the dining hall, classrooms, and cultural and sports center are arranged successively. Due to the twisting of the axis, interesting changes have taken place in the building with the bisected main teaching unit naturally turning along the site boundary, forming a relatively enclosed courtyard. The courtyard entrance enclosed by the short wings happens to face the city and the mountain view, respectively. We magnified the short wing incidentally and cut obliquely on the shape. Due to the intervention of external force, the entrance of the courtyard contracts in the plane and expands in the vertical, presenting a dynamic symmetrical balance. With the change of the viewers' footsteps, the courtyard shows a movement in different dimensions, and the building is reshaped following this movement. At one end facing the city and mountain views, the roof of the building is cut into an enlarged slope, which is arranged by a series of staggered steps and naturally becomes a stand facing the outside. Plants also spread from the ground to the roof, becoming two streams of green light across the site. The daylighting glass windows scattered in the meantime are like gems in the green field, shining brightly during the day and night. At this time, architecture no longer follows the introverted self-order, but abandons its barriers, merges into the city, and becomes the founder of the unique regional context.

建筑形体的三维扭曲和变化产生了转角的弧度。

这种形式语言，被提取成为整个校园的统一语素。每个单体在这种统一手法下，呈现出整体的面貌。简单的构成方式，被提取为强有力的形式语言，我们接下来要做的就是以其为基础多重演绎和强化。建筑依据功能块的大小进行划分，按照远近关系形成组合，放弃了坚硬的直角，用柔和的圆弧塑造自身的同时，与城市温柔以待。

The three-dimensional twist and change of the building body produce the radian of the corner. This formal language is extracted as the unified morpheme of the entire campus. Under this unified approach, each monomer presents an overall appearance. The simple composition method is extracted into a powerful formal language, and what we have to do next is to use it as a basis for multiple deduction and reinforcement. The building is divided according to the size of the functional blocks, forming a combination according to the relationship of distance, abandoning the rigid right angles, and shaping itself with soft arcs while being gentle with the city.

形体的塑造，暗自呼应了周边山的形态，两座教学楼之间的庭院，也像极了山间的峡谷。 露台从低到高自然退隐，就像一座向上伸展的山，成为学生课间活动的突出场所，同时勾勒出更广阔的天空形状。

在山河之间，可以看到壮丽的天空和彩霞，这一幕也不时在庭院上空上演，与灰色的建筑相映成趣，成为日常生活中的一个自然奇迹。水平延伸的长线在流畅的移动过程中被有力地切割，在画廊的外墙上形成一个稳固的转折。它来源于中国传统绘画中对山石的笔墨描写，在每一闪而过的光影中都反映出山城的力量。

The shape of the building secretly echoes the shape of the surrounding mountains. The courtyard between the two teaching buildings also looks like a mountain valley. The terrace, with a natural retreat from low to high, like a mountain that stretches upwards, becomes the prominent place for students’ activities between classes, and at the same time, outlines the broader shape of the sky. The magnificent sky and rosy clouds can be seen between the mountains and rivers, and this scene also performs over the courtyard from time to time, against the gray buildings, becoming a natural miracle in every ordinary day. The horizontally stretched long lines are cut powerfully in the smooth movement process, forming a firm turn on the gallery's outer wall. It comes from the brush and ink descriptions of mountains and rocks in traditional Chinese painting and reflects the power of mountains and cities in every passing light and cloud.

庭院中依然有穿越的廊桥，解决交通连接问题的同时，让“峡谷”中的行走，拥有了悬浮的穿越和居中的停留，在看与被看间，体会空间的维度变化。桥的中部有“岛”，也有树。待晴日，坐看云起，随时光而动，在这城中，现山间景致。

There are still bridges across the courtyard, which not only solves the problem of traffic connection but also enables the walking in the “canyon” to have suspended crossing and a central stay so that you can experience the dimensional change of space between seeing and being seen. There are an “island” and trees in the middle of the bridge. On a sunny day, sit and watch the clouds rise, and the light moves at any time. In the city, the mountain scenery appears.

学校的设计，如果只是遵循规范的规定，基本上是相似的，看似高效，经济，但失去了最有价值的抽象和品味。 我们相信一幢有趣的房子肯定能陶冶一个有趣的灵魂。在具体的语境中，抽象概念的体验不仅存在于建筑创作的过程中，也应该在建筑的日常行走和停留中加以填充。

这不仅仅只是建筑师的设想，也应该成为每一个使用者的经验。来自于抽象的象征体系，不但能累积自我经验，也可以叠合他者经验，从而成为社会共同的记忆，这就是我们所说的“文化”，也是我们所理解的“学习”的意义，同样更是我们在西南小学的半山半水间，想去传达的主题。

School design, if only following the provisions of the norms, is primarily similar, seemingly efficient, and economical but loses the most valuable abstraction and taste. And we believe an interesting house can certainly edify an interesting soul. In the concrete context, the experience of abstract concepts not only exists in the process of architectural creation but also should be filled in the ordinary architectural walking and staying. This is not only the architect’s vision but also should become the experience of every user. Coming from an abstract symbolic system, it can not only accumulate self-experience but also superimpose the experience of others to become a common memory of society. This is what we call “culture”, and it is also the meaning of “learning” as we understand it. It is also the theme we want to convey in the mountains and rivers of Southwest Primary School.

▲  区位图

▲  1层平面图

▲  2层平面图

▲  3层平面图

▲ 4层平面图

建筑师： 米丈建筑  MINAX Architects

地点：湖州

面积：36848 m2

年份：2019

摄影作品 :吴青山

首席建筑师：卢志刚

设计团队：李瑞银、刘力、黄从义、蔡淑敏、王丹、周文强、唐哲人、傅飞、高岱、刘丽娟、张欣悦

客户：湖州经开投资发展集团有限公司

施工图设计：湖州市城市规划设计院