宁静的生态美宅Traversa住宅

项目场地

TRAVERSA住宅位于墨西哥圣路易斯波托西州四个地区之一的瓦斯特卡波托西的Tanlajas镇旁边的一个养牛场。它的气候温暖潮湿，平均温度高于18℃。科伊河横穿土地，在旺季时，河水溢出，形成泉水和喷泉。这个地区的人口主要是Teneek族，因为他们使用的建筑材料，他们的建筑技术以及保护环境的理念，当地的乡土建筑被认为是Huasteca Potosina的文化遗产。

LOCATION

The TRAVERSA HOUSE is located in a cattle ranch in a vast area next to the town Tanlajas (Tan – place / lajas – stones in layers) in the Huasteca Potosi, one of the four regions of the Mexican State, San Luis Potosi. It’s climate is warm and humid, with an average temperature higher than 18oC. The Coy river crosses the land and in the high season it overflows forming springs and fountains. The population of this area is of the Teneek ethnic group whose vernacular architecture is considered a cultural heritage of the Huasteca Potosina because of the building materials used, their construction tecniques as well as the preservation concepts of their environment.

设计思路

TRAVERSA住宅的构思是在景观中形成一条狭长的“带子”，与周围的自然环境融为一体，有三个主要准则：第一个是使用要求，它定义了它的类型，作为业主和朋友来访时的临时住房；第二是实现空间上的现代建筑，同时使用并重视Teneek乡土房屋所使用的构造技术和材料；最后，它必须符合工作室的建筑原则，尊重建设性的元素和对该地区气候需求的研究。

GUIDELINES

Conceived as a long narrow strip in the landscape, integrating and mimetizing itself with it’s natural surroundings, the TRAVERSA HOUSE has three main guidelines. The first one is the requirements of use which defines it’s type as temporary housing for the owners and friends when they visit and supervise the area. The second one is to achieve a spatial contemporary architecture, while using and putting in value the constructive techniques and materials used by the Teneek vernacular housing. At the same time it has to be in accordance with the studio’s architecture principles honoring the constructive éléments and the study of the context regarding the climate needs of the area.

建筑构思

考虑到这些要求，TRAVERSA 住宅以现有的塔玛琳多树，太阳光和风向为出发点。根据这些主线，项目开始分解为4个模块，分别为社交区和卧室区，并与天井系统和小路相衔接。由于需要创造多样性的空间，建立一个空间组织是很重要的，它将允许多种活动同时进行，避免视觉和听觉的碰撞。倾斜的线条交叉并形成完整的和空旷的空间，设法利用景观和风，框定景观并产生通风和欢迎的空间。建筑还有一个重要的项目目标，是设计一个类似于树顶效果的屋顶覆盖，同时定义山线。

STARTUP

Taking in consideration these requirements the TRAVERSA HOUSE takes as it’s starting point the existing tamarindo trees, the sun’s path and the wind. With these main lines the program began decomposing in 4 modules for the social and bedroom zones, articulating it with a system of patios and circulation axis. Because of the diverse users it was important to establish a spatial organization of the program that would permit multiple simultaneous activities avoiding visual and accoustic encounters. The inclined lines that cross and form full and empty spaces manages to take advantage of the views and the circulation of the wind, framing the landscape and generating ventilated and welcoming spaces. An important project goal was to design a roof coverage resembling the effect generated by the treetops and at the same time defining the mountain lines.

项目材料

使用的材料是Tanlajas石头、当地的竹子和地面的土壤。为了保护建筑不受潮湿空气的影响，外墙主要使用了石材。为了保持生活空间的清新和美观，在内墙使用了一种被称为 "enjarre"的建设性系统。屋顶与墙体分离，在房间内产生自然交叉通风，从而避免了任何机械系统。在屋顶覆盖物的建设中，使用了如弯曲的梁与 "sangrado "技术和使用脚手架和模板的结构。垫子或熨烫的竹子被用于天花板和竹筒的门楣，而木制品使用的是Orejon木材。

THE MATERIALIZATION

The materials used are the Tanlajas stones, the local bamboo “guadua vellutina” known as Otate, (considered one of the most flexible and rescilient species because of the closeness of the bamboo rings), and the earth of the ground. To protect the building from humidity stone was used in the external fa?ades. To keep the living spaces fresh and nice, a constructive system known as “enjarre” (bahareque – green building in bio-construction), was used in the interior walls. The roof coverage is separated from the walls to generate a natural cross ventilation in the rooms and so avoiding any mechanical system. In the construction of the roof coverage parallel systems were used, present and vernacular, like curving the beams with the “sangrado” technique and the use of scaffolding and formwork in the structure. Mat or ironed bamboo from the specie old hamii were used for the ceiling and bamboo canisters for the friezes. Orejon Wood was used in the woodwork.

▽平面图 Plan

▽立面图 Elevations

▽剖面图 Sectoins

Project name: Traversa House

Architectes: Marina Vella Arquitectura

Website: https://marinavella.com/

E-mail: marinavellarquitecta@gmail.com

IG: marina_vella

Office country: Perú

Year: 2020

Area: 480m2

City: Tanlajas

Country: México

E-mail : juanjodibildox@gmail.com

Bamboo construction: Kima′ Colectivo

Civil work: Silvia Olvera Azuara

Teneek craftman: Vicencio Estuardo

Collaborators: Mauricio Jumpa, Adam Zet, María José Gaitán, Melissa Aranda, Andrea Cesar, Ricardo Ortiz, Rafael Díaz Santana Sainz , Anuar Guijarro Martínez, Santos Roberto Mateo Silvestre , Gabriela Luna, Yahir Hernández

Photographs: dcfotografiaarquitectonica / Juan José Didildox y Alfonso Cesar