绿城“新中式”医院的标杆

发布于：2021-01-26 11:20:26 来自：园林景观/景观规划设计 [复制转发]

威海国医院位于威海东新城附近的一片沿海黑松林中，总建筑面积约8000平方米。该医院作为一处医疗康养综合设施，划分为三个主要部分：东部新城规划展示中心，康养颐乐和医疗中心。

Text description provided by the architects. Weihai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine is situated in a coastal pinus thunbergii forest in the East New Town of Weihai near the sea, which covers a total construction area of around 8000m2. The hospital, as a comprehensive health care facility, enjoys three main parts: programme exhibition centre of the East New Town, Kangyang Yile Sanatorium and Medical Care Houses.

该医院的原址是一个平房区域，年久失修。选择这个场地是旨在保留周围的黑松林景观。面对中式元素作为一种建筑或装饰风格的流行使用状况，面对业主方强烈而明确的传统中式风格要求，建筑师通过引导和沟通，最终与业主达成了一致——“师古而不泥古”，此外，该项目可以让我们有机会了解中国北方传统院落的某种当代性表达。

The original site of the hospital is an area of bungalows, long fallen into disrepair. The decision of choosing this site aims at preserving the surrounding pinus thunbergii forest to the utmose. Facing the status of the popular use of Chinese elements as a style of architecture or decoration as well as the strong and clear requirements of building in traditional Chinese style of the proprietor, the architect made an agreement with the proprietor on "imitating but not copying from the traditional style". Besides, this decision of the hospital project provides us a chance to look into some contemporary expression of traditional courtyard in northern China.

通过对一系列传统案例的研究，设计最终利用其尺度和形式来传承中式院落的风格。然而，从建筑材料，细部和营造方式上进行适度的当代表达，以寻求场所的体验价值和时代特质的某种平衡。

Final decision has made on inheriting the essence structure of Chinese style courtyard by using its scale and form based on a research on an array of traditional cases. However, the modern styles of choosing building materials, building details and construction realized the seeking of the balance between the experiential value of the place and the feature of the times.

设计师以类型化的方式梳理了中国院落的尺度，序列和构成方式，将划分为一个有四面围墙的院落，两边围墙，建筑的院落及四边建筑的院落。根据现场条件，不同类型的院落在南北轴线和东西轴线通过连廊连接在一起，从而再现了传统中式院落的层层递进的回游体验。结合场地地形，这些类型化的院落围绕着半开放的中心庭园，面向黑松林，而两个宽窄不同的庭园开间尺度则顺势将之划分为半开放的坪庭和更为开放的水院两个部分。建筑或围墙四合成院，院落又围合成园，不同类型院落空间的多级嵌套，形成了丰富的场所空间体验。

The designers sorted out the scale, sequence and framework in a typological way, classifying the Chinese courtyard into a courtyard with four walls, a courtyard with two walls and two buildings facing each other's counterpart, a courtyard with four buildings on each side. According to the conditions of the site, different types of courtyards have been connected together by the corridor on the north-south axis and the east-west axis, thus reproducing the sense of layer after layer tour experience of Chinese traditional courtyard. Taking advantages of this site, these classified courtyards enclose the half-open central garden which faces the pinus thunbergii forest, while two wide open yardstick of gardens with different width divide the central garden into two parts: the half open court and the water court with a larger open space. With buildings or walls enclosing courtyards and courtyards enclosing gardens, the multistage nested of different-type courtyards provide people a rich spatial structure experience.

建筑的主体设计延续了传统北方建筑的基本形式。至于建筑材料的选择采用更为当代的，如铝镁锰直立锁边屋面、钢木结合构件以及耐候性更好的石材，被用来取代传统的灰瓦，灰砖和木材。考虑到材料的属性和构造特质，在建筑的细部节和构件上，设计采用更为简洁和当代的建筑语汇来还原传统的建筑风格。

The main design of the construction inherits the basic form of traditional northern architecture. As for the choosing of the building materials, more contemporary materials such as up-right lockrand of aluminum-magnesium-manganese, steel and wood binding components, and stones with better weather ability are used to replace traditional grey tile, grey brick, and wood. Considering the properties and structural characteristics of the material, more simple and contemporary architectural designs are used on the construction details and components to restore the traditional architecture style.

入口内院采用白色，浅灰色石材和灰色铝材压顶形成高大围合的院墙。四周回廊组织人行流线，实现人车分流，四壁以门头、松柏、以及金属百叶屏风形成空间转换时的视觉对景。

The car entrance to courtyard is capped and enclosed with white, light gray stone and gray aluminum. The surrounding corridors are used for people to walk through, which not only separate people and vehicles, but also form a scenery with plaque, pine and metal blinds screens when passing by.

该项目还采用了传统园林“借景”的手法，将建筑周围的黑松林景观纳入院中，院内的娴静素雅和院外的生意盎然相映成趣。

The method of scenery-borrowing has been used in many places. By compassing the surrounding pinus thunbergii forest as part of the courtyards, the purity and elegance of the courtyard and the vigorous scene outside cast beautiful reflections.

西向南的主入口庭园四面围墙环绕，沿南北向中轴对称的主入口与过廊，简洁的镜面水景和水中的倒影自然地与医院的功能定位和入口形象相匹配。朝西的次入口由方院，檐廊和漏窗照壁构成了略显低调的引导。

The main entrance courtyard is surrounded by four walls, which changes the road direction from west to south. The main entrance and porch which are symmetric to the north-south going axis are very beautiful. The concise mirror waterscape and the reflection in the water naturally match to the function and entrance scene of the hospital. The west-facing sub entrance is constructed with square courtyards, corridors with eaves and window walls, which shapes an understate guidance way.

南北序列的第二进四合院是另一种类型的院落，周围环绕着圆形檐廊。圆形天井院和四方的庭院体现了中国文化中的“天圆地方，天人合一”的朴素哲学。庭院中汇聚雨水而成的水景在有水和枯水期，传达出温润和寂寥的不同气质。

The second courtyard on the north-south direction is another type, surrounded by round corridors with eaves. The fitting circular patio and quadrangle courtyard reflect the simple philosophy "a square earth and spherical heavens, harmony between man and nature" in Chinese culture. Collecting from the rain, the waterscape in the courtyard presents different qualities of warmth and solitude when in the wet season and drought period.

穿过入口庭院和建筑，我们可以到第三进庭园。这三个院落形成三边围合，使东侧松树林和后院开放。自西向东，院落尺度先封后开，形成一个草坪为中心的人们活动场所，水院和绿岛及松景为核心元素的观赏性水院。

Walking through the entrance courtyard and buildings, we can the third courtyard. These three courtyards form a three-side enclosure, making the eastern pinus thunbergii forest and back yard wider. From west to the east, the courtyard scale which enclose the space at first and then set free it forms a lawn-centered court for people's activities, a concise waterscape court and an ornamental waterscape court centered with isles and pine landscape.

周边的建筑通过骑楼、灰空间、小庭院和中心主庭园形成了视线上的渗透和空间上的延续。庭院两侧游步道及交通连廊的圆形窗与“框景”，试图给予访客以移步换景的视觉感受。

The surrounding constructions form a visual penetration and space continuation with the central garden by being built into sotto portico, gray space and garth. The round windows and "frame view" on both sides of the courtyard provide a visual perception of picturesque sceneries everywhere for visitors.

新中式建筑不是纯粹的传统元素的堆砌，而是将现代元素与传统元素相结合在一起，新的中式风格在现代审美观的基础上来打造富有传统韵味的事物。

The new Chinese style architecture is not a stacking of traditional elements, but a combination of modern elements and traditional elements based on the understanding of the latter. The new Chinese style creates buildings with traditional charm based on the modern aesthetic view.

该建筑主体采用北方传统建筑的硬山+双坡顶形式，结合少量歇山，外观呈人字形，屋顶瓦材采用现代材料铝镁锰板，工艺平整。立面则强调竖向分割的线条，白墙，竖向落地窗和竖向仿木色金属格栅交错而设，将二层高的体量“削瘦”，同时与纯石材的山墙面形成虚实的对比。

The main body of the construction presents an inverted "Y" shape by using the combination of traditional flush gable roofs, double slope tops and few gable and hip roofs. The material of the roof is aluminum-magnesium-manganese plank, smooth and neat.The construction of the facade lays stress on the interlacing of vertically divide lines, white walls, vertical landing window and vertical wooden color metal grille. The structure simplifies the double-deck building and casts a true-or-false reflection with the walls made of pure stones.

低矮的中式院落隐藏在黑松林中。传统院落、中式风格，当代材料和现代工艺的结合，既是对传统中式院落空间结构和尺度的一种理解和发展，也是对传统建筑风格的一种当代转译和重构表达。

The low-rise Chinese style courtyard tucks away in the large pinus thunbergii forest. The combination of traditional courtyards, Chinese style, modern materials and temporary craftwork is an understanding and development of Chinese traditional courtyard style and scale as well as a temporary translation and reconstruction of traditional architecture style.