上海市高安路第一小学华展校区山水秀建筑事务所

  感谢山水秀建筑事务所的分享

△ 综合楼西立面 ? 苏圣亮

 唯一布局 

The Only Layout

高安路第一小学华展校区位于上海市徐汇区龙吴路和华展东路交叉口，是一座40班规模的新建小学。 用地紧凑，容积率达1.4。

Huazhan campus of Gaoan Road No. 1 Primary School is located at the intersection of Longwu Road and East Huazhan Road in Xuhui District, Shanghai.  With a compact site, this  40-class  school was built under a high FAR  of 1.4.  

△ 校园主入口 ? 苏圣亮

△ 综合楼西北角 ? 苏圣亮

在这块东西狭长的场地上， 200米田径场只适合放在西部，也正好可以阻隔龙吴路干道的交通噪声，再结合退界、消防、日照和噪音间距等技术规范，主要教学用房只能在东部布置为前后两排体量，综合楼则位居操场和教学区之间，容纳多功能厅、风雨操场、体育馆等活动空间。

O n this long and narrow site , t he only suitable  location for the 200-meter track and field   is  on the west  side , which   also helps to block traffic noise from Longwu Road.   According to building code s regarding   setback, fire protection, sunshine  and noise  control , the main class room  building  can only be arranged in two rows on the east  side.   T he multi-function  building is then located between the playground and the academic  area, accommodating the multifunction   hall, covered sports field, gymnasium and other activity spaces.

△  概念?山水秀建筑事务所

△  南侧鸟瞰 ? 苏圣亮

△ 西北侧鸟瞰 ? 苏圣亮

面积指标、场地局限与技术规范的叠加，使建筑的总体布局被固化，几无变化腾挪的余地。操场规模和绿化活动场地的缩减，使日常教育活动越来越局限在标准化的教室之内，走廊、楼梯往往只能解决单一的交通需求——这些现实使建筑师从一开始就对此可能导致的僵化充满忧虑。于是，如何在这几乎“唯一解”的布局中营造生动活泼的育人空间，就成为设计上最困难、也最有意义的挑战。

The superposition of area index , site limitations, and building code s solidifies the   layout, leaving little room for change s . The compact site reduced the area for  playgrounds and green   venues , which   would ma k e daily educational activities more confined to standardized classrooms , while c orridors and stairs   only meeting circulation  demand s -   these realities concerned  architects about the rigidity of the campus . Therefore, how to create a lively education al  space in this   " only  layout"   bec a me the most difficult yet  meaningful challenge in this project .

△  轴测图?山水秀建筑事务所

△ 北侧沿河外观 ? 苏圣亮

△ 北侧沿路外观 ? 苏圣亮

 围合与通透 

Enclosure and T ransparency

在紧凑的总体布局中，四、五层高的建筑组合很容易形成封闭的围合空间，需要通过局部的开放来改善校园的整体环境。我们将建筑体分为东南西北四个部分，在它们之间设置通道和楼梯，让师生在经过时能够看到校园内外不同空间的景致；综合楼隔断了操场和中心庭院，我们就将体育馆上抬，将小剧场下沉，四边放坡做为绿化和面向操场的看台，以地景的方式缓解综合楼体量的压力，并在二层形成了风雨操场。

In the compact layout, the combination of four and five-story massing could easily form an enclosed block. It is necessary to improve the overall spatial quality of the campus through partial openings. We divided the block into four parts and set up passages and staircases between them, so that teachers and students can see the scenery of different spaces inside and outside the campus when they pass by. To avoid the separation between the playground and the central courtyard caused by the multi-function building, we lifted the gymnasium to the third floor, and lowered the small theater to semi-underground level and placed green slopes and grandstands on periphery, which reduced the impact of the large scale of multi-function building and formed a covered sports field on the second floor. 

△ 庭院与桁架桥 ? 苏圣亮

△ 庭院与桁架桥 ? 苏圣亮

△ 教学楼内庭院 ? 苏圣亮

这个架空的半户外空间在垂直方向上和体育馆中庭联通，在水平方向上与操场和中心庭院贯连；中心庭院的狭长会产生逼仄感，我们增加了通透的连桥，在加强南北联系之余改变了庭院的比例，给这片树林绿地增添了空间的层次——藉由这些通透化的设计策略，我们在中心庭院与周边空间以及校外环境之间建立了层次分明的联系，扩大了校园环境的尺度感受。

This semi-outdoor space is connected to the gymnasium atrium vertically, and connected to the playground and the central courtyard horizontally. The narrow and long central courtyard will create a sense of constriction, so we added airy bridges to strengthen the connection between the north and the south and to change the proportions of the courtyard, bringing a spatial hierarchy to this wooded green space. Through these design strategies of transparency, we established a layered connection between the central courtyard and the surrounding space and the external environment, and expanded the spatial perception of the campus.

△ 桁架桥 ? 苏圣亮

△ 教学楼内庭院 ? 苏圣亮

△ 综合楼中庭 ? 苏圣亮

 预制结构与空间秩序 

Prefabricated S tructure and S patial O rder

综合楼的体育馆和风雨操场均为大跨空间，为满足预制率和减少结构高度，主体采用钢框架结构，二层采用钢骨剪力墙来实现架空。倒梯形的剪力墙在底部内收，帮助打开操场看台的视野，并凸显了上部建筑的悬浮感。

The gymnasium and the c overed s ports f ield in the multi-function  building are both large-span spaces. In order to meet the prefabrication rate and reduce the structural height, the main structure  adopts a steel frame system supported by shear wall on the second level to achieve an ope n floor. The inverted trapezoidal shear wall is retracted at the bottom to help open the view of grandstand   and highlight the suspension of the upper building.

△  结构-综合楼  ?山水秀建筑事务所

剪力墙上不断变化的“光圈”洞口化解了墙体的沉闷，增添了穿透对视的乐趣。高安路一小是姚明的母校，校方对三层的室内体育馆十分关注，我们没有采用通常的桁架或网架结构，而是用钢柱上部的斜撑辅助800mm高的钢梁完成了23米的跨度，再进一步运用斜撑形成的三角区域，营造了通风采光的半透空间，给这座结构骨骼露明的体育馆注入了精神的光辉。

The   changing "aperture" openings on  the shear wall s  dissolve the dullness of the structure  and imput  a  fun of eye contact . Since Gaoan Road No. 1 Primary School is Yao Ming’s alma mater. The client   pays much attention to the   indoor gymnasium   on the  third floor . Instead of using   usual truss or network frame  structure, we used brac es  on the upper part of the steel column to assist the 800mm high steel beam to complete 23-meter span . T he triangular area formed by brac es  is further used to create a   semi-transparent space  for ventilation and natural lighting , injecting spiritual brilliance into this gymnasium with exposed structural bones.

△ 综合楼剪力墙洞口 ? 苏圣亮

△  体育馆内景  摄影：苏圣亮

△  体育馆内景  摄影：苏圣亮

为控制整体造价，教学楼和办公楼的混凝土框架结构采用了预制和现浇结合的方式。与普通的预制体系相比，我们进行了三处新的尝试。一是用悬挑支撑南侧单排教室的外廊，以获得走廊空间与庭院之间的自由界面，其导致的单跨问题通过在进深跨中增加剪力片墙予以解决；二是通过采用预制钢筋混凝土槽型板，取消了次梁和大部分吊顶，电管线和大堂的喷淋支管都得以在槽型板中行走，使7.5m x 9m的教室单元获得了最大的净高和空间的完整性；三是在进深方向放大了预制钢筋混凝土梁柱的结合部，在改善梁柱交接点配筋和现浇条件的同时，用半拱形的放大柱头形成了塑造空间秩序的基本骨架，拱门框架的结构要素在校门、大堂、走廊、教室、小木屋、图书馆和体育馆中不断再现，成为空间赋形的母题。

In order to control the overall cost, the concrete frame structure of the classroom  building and office building adopts a combination of prefabricat ed  and cast-in-place   reinforce d concrete structures .   Compared with ordinary prefabricated systems, we have made three new attempts.   One is to use a cantilever to support the outer corridor of the single-row classroom building to obtain a free interface between the corridor and the courtyard. The collateral single-span issue   was  solved by a shear wall in between the   span; the second is to eliminate   the secondary beams and   ceilings by using prefabricated   profiled reinforced concrete   composite slab s . The electrical pipelines and the sprinkler branch pipes   can all be lied  along the grooves  of the slabs , so that the 7.5mx 9m classroom unit  gains the largest clear ance  and integrality  of space.   The third is to enlarge the joints of pre fabricated  reinforced concrete beams and columns , which  improv es  the r einforcement  and c ast-in-place conditions  of the junctions .   T he enlarged semi-arch column heads form the basic framework of form  order . The structural element of the arch   frame s   is  constantly re produced  in school gates, lobbies, corridors, classrooms, cabins, libraries and gymnasiums, becoming the motif of spatial shaping.

△ 教学楼外走廊 ? 苏圣亮

△ 教学楼北楼中走廊 ? 苏圣亮

△ 大堂 ? 苏圣亮

通过对结构体系和预制单元的精心处理，我们获得了简洁、规则又富有层次的空间秩序，这些秩序一方面满足了各种教学空间的规范性要求，一方面又增加了单元空间的弹性，让我们能够为这所小学注入更多的灵性。

Through careful articulation  of the structural system and prefabricated units, we have obtained a concise, regular and hierarchical spatial order . It not only  satisfie d  the normative requirements of various teaching spaces, but also  increase d  the flexibility of the unit space , where w e can inject more spirituality into this primary school.

△  剖透视  ?山水秀建筑事务所

 身心与触发 

Activation through Body & Mind

在与校方的深入交流中，我们深切感受到学校对教学空间和交流空间多元化、差异化的需求，这与我们探求教育空间精神的愿景不谋而合。为了鼓励多元化的教育方式和社交生态，我们从结构秩序出发，用建筑的手段激发这两种习惯的养成，并对新的空间类型进行探索，为素质教育提供更多的空间支撑。

When communicat ing  with the potential school users , we deeply felt their  need s  for diversification and differentiation of teaching and communication space s , which coincides with our vision of exploring the spirit of educational space  in the project .   In order to encourage diversified educational methods and social ecology, we start from the structural order  and use architectural methods  to activate  the formation of these two customs , and explore new types of space to provide more spa tial support for quality education.

△ 教学楼北楼灰空间 ? 苏圣亮

在教室单元里，用半拱形柱头相连的梁柱框架强调了教室的方向性，给老师和智能黑板提供了“景框”，帮助学生养成专注前方的习惯。无次梁槽型楼板形成的整体天花、南北两侧对称设置的窗扇、以及前后门与空调机的对位布置，一起协助结构赋予空间安定的秩序，并给教室带来了均匀温润的光线。

In the classroom unit, a beam-column frame connected by a semi-arched column head emphasizes the directionality of the classroom, providing a "frame" for the teacher and the intelligent  blackboard, helping students to develop the habit of focusing on the front. Together with the structur al system,   t he integrative   ceiling without  sub-beam ,  the symmetrical window sashes on  both  sides, and the align ed  air conditioner s   at  the front and rear doors  all help to give the space a stable order and bring even and warm light to the classroom.

△ 普通教室 ? 苏圣亮

△ 普通教室 ? 苏圣亮

△ 未来实验室 ? 苏圣亮

在有限的建筑面积里，交通空间的独特体验和多义化能够帮助我们激活固化的秩序，综合楼的绳索楼梯、变形缝楼梯的色彩区分、以及南北楼之间用曲折连廊构成的立体庭院，都是这一手法的体现。在走廊空间，半拱形悬挑结构给外立面留下了自由的空间，我们用钢龙骨、金属网和胶合木在走廊外侧编织了一道半通透的墙体，不仅容纳了防护网和消火栓，还整合了座凳和阅读栏板，同走廊内侧的书包柜和长椅一起成为走廊空间里的固定家具，用触发的方式鼓励师生并接触庭院里的自然，并使用这些家具进行休憩、阅读、交谈、玩乐的活动，给走廊赋予了更多的空间内涵。

In the limited building area, the unique experience and diversification of the circulation  space  can help us to activate the solidified   order , which can be seen at t he   rope stair  in multi-function building, the color distinction of the stair  with deformation joint, and the three-dimensional  courtyard composed by  zigzag corridors between the north and south buildings. In the corridor, the semi-arched cantilever structure leaves free space on the facade. We wove a trans lucent  wall outside the corridor with steel keel, metal mesh and glulam, which accommodates protective net s  and fire hydrant s and  integrates   stools and reading panels . T ogether with the schoolbag cabinets and benches   inside   the corridor, they  become   fixed furniture in the corridor space . B y   naturally  and unconsciously  activating children ’ s and teacher ’ s behaviors , the space encourag es   users  to touch the nature in the courtyard  and to use the furniture  to rest , r ead , talk   and play, which gives more  connotations to the corridor s .

△  教学楼走廊详图  ?山水秀建筑事务所

△ 教学楼外走廊 ? 苏圣亮

△  综合楼楼梯  摄影：苏圣亮

△ 变形缝楼梯 ? 周延

我们还在每个教学楼层置入了多功能的半户外“小木屋”，并配备了饮水机、操作台和智能书架等设施。“小木屋”不仅为课间休息提供了本层就近的玩耍场地，还可以成为半户外的选修课堂和聚会空间。这一新的空间类型既非固定教室，也非交通空间，而更像是植入建筑中的半户外庭院，为校园增添了多元化教育和社交的可能，在未来等待着学校的进一步策划和装点。

We   also placed various multi-functional semi-outdoor "cabin s " on each classroom  floor . E quipped with drinking fountains, operating tables and smart bookshelves ,   these "cabin s " not only provides a nearby play area for the break between classes, but can also work as semi-outdoor classroom s  and gathering space s . This new type of space is neither a fixed classroom nor a circulation  space, but more like a semi-outdoor courtyard implanted in the building, adding diversified educational and social possibilities to the campus, and awaits further planning and exertion i n the future.

△ 教学楼外走廊 ? 苏圣亮

△ 顶层小木屋空间 ? 苏圣亮

 秩序的启迪 

Enlightenment of O rder

教育体制、规划用地和技术规范共同形成了学校建筑的社会秩序。通过深入解读，我们尝试把这些约束性秩序转化为建筑本体的力量，给这所小学校园注入更多身心的关怀、专注的精神和交流的活力。希望藉由各方的共同努力，留在学生记忆里的校园不仅是教室里的专心致志和操场上的整齐队列，还有体育馆里移动的阳光、小木屋里的自由演说、和在走廊里拿起书本面向树林的那一刻。

The education system, planned land use, and building code s together form the social order of school buildings. Through in-depth interpretation, we try to transform these restrictive orders into the ontological   power of architecture ,  so as to   imput more  physical and mental care, dedicated spirit, and vitality of communication into th is  campus. We  hope that with the joint efforts of all parties, the campus to remain in the memor ies  of students would  not only be the concentration in the classroom and the neat queue on the playground, but also the moving sunlight in the gymnasium, the free speech in the cabin s , and the moment of picking up a  book  in the corridor and facing the woods .

△ 北侧外立面 ? 苏圣亮

 设计图纸 

△  总平面图? 山水秀建筑事务所

△  一层平面图?山水秀建筑事务所

△  二层平面图?山水秀建筑事务所

△  三层平面图?山水秀建筑事务所

△  四层平面图?山水秀建筑事务所

△  五层平面图?山水秀建筑事务所

△  剖面图?山水秀建筑事务所

设计单位│山水秀建筑事务所 Scenic Architecture Office

设计团队 │祝晓峰、李启同、周延、张璇、张国浩、胡仙梅、许林峰  实习生：赫然、黄春铃

项目地点│上海市徐汇区

项目功能│小学

设计/建成时间│2017/2020

合作设计单位│同济大学建筑设计研究院集团有限公司

业主│上海市徐汇区教育局/上海徐汇城市更新工程咨询有限公司

施工总包│上海徐房建筑实业公司

监理单位│上海上咨建设工程咨询有限公司

基地面积│17645平米

建筑面积│30406平米（地上24392平米，地下6014平米）

结构形式│教学楼和办公楼：预制混凝土框架结构；综合楼：混凝土剪力墙支撑钢框架结构

建筑材料: 素混凝土保护剂、质感涂料、木色、彩色及灰色铝板、彩色、白色及深灰色穿孔铝板、木纹水泥纤维板、超白中空LOW-E玻璃、半透明及彩色玻璃砖、木色及深灰色铝合金窗框、铝方通吊顶、白色扩张铝板吊顶、浅灰色水磨石地砖、木纹地砖、木色扁钢栏杆、实木及木色铝合金扶手、芝麻灰花岗石板、不锈钢网帘、胶合实木座椅及阅读架

摄影：苏圣亮

Office Name│ Scenic Architecture Office

Design Team│ ZHU Xiaofeng, LI Qitong, ZHOU Yan, ZHANG Xuan, ZHANG Guohao, HU Xianmei, XU Linfeng, HE Ran, HUANG Chunlin

Location│ Xuhui District, Shanghai

Program│ primary school

Design/Built│ 2017/2020

LDI│ Tongji Architectural Design (Group) Co., Ltd.

Client │ Shanghai Xuhui District Education Bureau/ Shanghai Xuhui Urban  R enewal   Engineering Consulting Co., Ltd

Site area │ 17 , 645  m 2

GFA│ 30,406 m 2

Structur e   S ystem │ classroom buildings and office buildings : p recast concrete frame structure ; multi -purpose  building : s teel frame structure supported by concrete shear wall

Main Materials │ w hite perforated aluminum panel , texture paint , grey, colored, and w ooden textural   aluminum panel , white, grey, and colored perforated aluminum panel , w ood grain cement fiber board , low-iron laminated thermal Low-E glass , t ranslucent and colored glass blocks  , dark grey and w ooden textural aluminum profile , a luminum rectangular tube ceiling , w hite expandable aluminum ceiling , l ight gray terrazzo floor tiles , w ood grain floor tiles , w ooden textural   flat steel railing , s olid wood and w ooden textural aluminum handrail , s esame grey granite slate, s tainless steel mesh curtain , outdoor cross-laminated timber  seat and r eading board

Photographer │ SU Shengliang