田野上的现代聚落：佳禾园自然教育中心

佳禾园自然教育中心位于广东惠州良井镇黄洞水库与村落之间的一片田野之上，四周丘陵环绕，北面远眺是黄洞村落的建筑群，其间田埂交错，阡陌纵横。“希望这里成为孩子们以及其他游客体验乡村生活的乐园”业主方说到，“同时也希望能延续客家的文化内涵”，设计的前期，先研究了场地的自然资源优势和市场客户群特征，希望创造出自然与院落空间相互交织的居住体验与生活记忆。

Jiaheyuan Nature Education Camp is located in a field between the Huangdong Reservoir and the village in Liangjing Town, Huizhou, Guangdong, surrounded by hills, and the buildings of Huangdong Village are overlooked in the north. “I hope this place will become a paradise for children and other tourists to experience rural life,” said the owner, “and I also hope to continue the cultural connotation of Hakka.” Based on this, we study the natural resource advantages of the site and the characteristics of the market customer base, hoping to create a living experience and living memory where nature and courtyard space are intertwined.

▲晨曦中的“当代围屋” ，“Contemporary Enclosed House” in the morning light?潮声 

整个设计的概念是“田野上的现代聚落”，根植于客家传统文化的一种在当代的抽象演绎，以此去创建出一个现代人回归田野的精神堡垒，这是一个具有围屋性质的单体建筑，但同时它的体块又像是村落里群体房屋的堆积。

The concept of the whole design is a “modern settlement on the field”, a contemporary abstract interpretation rooted in Hakka traditional culture, in order to create a spiritual fortress for modern people to return to the field, which is a single building with the nature of a walled house, but at the same time its volume is like a pile of group houses in the village.

▲延续村落肌理的房子堆，Pile of houses that continue the texture of the village?潮声 

 建筑外观-房子堆 

Exterior of the building - pile of houses

黄洞村的原始房屋沿着山脚依次排开，布局有机，尺度宜人。在介入这个项目的之前，业主方曾找过团队设计了一个古色古香的乡村院落，但总觉得有几分不妥，再三斟酌之后，业主决定更换设计团队。哪怕结构土建已经完成了大部分基本框架，业主仍然坚持找到了我们，以希望获得更好的呈现效果。所以，剩下的半成品的结构框架，就成为了该项目的一个挑战之一。

The original houses of Huangdong Village are lined up along the foot of the mountain, with an organic layout and a pleasant scale. Before we got involved in this project, the owner had asked other teams to design a quaint rural courtyard. But I always felt that something was wrong, and after careful consideration, the owner decided to change the design team. Even though most of the basic framework of the structure had been completed, the owner still insisted on finding us in the hope of a better presentation. Therefore, the remaining semi-finished structural framework became one of the challenges of the project.

▲改造前的效果图和框架结构，Renderings and frame structure before the renovation ?城外建筑 

在新建筑的设计延续村落的肌理和尺度，并在原有的结构上，优化了屋顶形式。在田野之中，将形体各异的小房子进行穿插、错动和围合，以抽象手法将村落意象呈现，构建出一个当代的、充满趣味的“房子堆”。

The design of the new building continues the texture and scale of the village, and optimizes the roof form on the original structure. In the field, small houses of different shapes are interspersed, staggered and enclosed, and the image of the village is presented in an abstract way, constructing a contemporary and interesting “pile of houses”.

▲形体分析，Architectural form analysis?城外建筑

▲田野上的“精神堡垒”，a “spiritual fortress” in the field?潮声

▲高低错落的房子堆，Stacks of houses of varying heights?潮声 

这样一种将民宿建筑形象与乡村聚落特征整合的模式，能够带来更加丰富的居住体验，同时也是对客家精神文化的一种寄托。

Such a model that integrates the architectural image of the homestay with the characteristics of rural settlements can bring a richer living experience, and it is also a kind of sustenance for the Hakka spiritual culture.

▲主入口塔楼，Main entrance tower ?潮声

▲局部立面，Partial building facades?潮声  

 核心空间-戏台 

Core space - stage

客家围屋的核心建筑为祠堂，位于正中，是集宗族祭祀、民俗礼仪、学童教育等功能于一体的场所，是客家公共文化交流的核心空间。设计以此为依据，在中央庭院布置了一处戏台，是一个全通透，可自由穿行和驻留的空间，供人们在此进行各种公共文化活动。同时，在四周一圈灰白色建筑的映衬下，给戏台空间设计了一个红色的木瓦屋顶，这是一种客家传统祠堂文化的符号象征，也是一种以现代手法对客家精神内核的延续。

The core building of the Hakka walled house is the ancestral hall, located in the middle, which is a place integrating clan sacrifices, folk etiquette, schoolchildren’s education and other functions, and is the core space of Hakka public cultural exchanges. Based on this, a stage is arranged in the central courtyard, which is a fully transparent space for free movement and residence, where people can carry out various public cultural activities. At the same time, against the backdrop of a gray and white building around it, a red wooden tile roof was designed for the stage space, which is a symbol of the traditional Hakka ancestral hall culture and a continuation of the Hakka spiritual core with modern techniques.

▲位于中庭核心空间的红色瓦面戏台，The red tiled stage in the core space of the atrium?潮声

▲断桥、月亮洞之间相望不相连，The bridge and the Moon Cave are not connected to each other?潮声 

戏台把建筑中庭切分成“水”和“丘”两个庭院，其中水院为入口大厅和戏台的对景，断桥、片墙、松树和月亮洞，相互分离，共同形成了一种暧昧对话。

The stage divides the atrium of the building into two courtyards, “water” and “mound”, of which the water courtyard is the opposite scene between the entrance hall and the stage, and the broken bridge, the piece wall, the pine tree and the moon cave are separated from each other and form an ambiguous dialogue together.

▲从片墙瞥向断桥，glimpse from the wall to the broken bridge ?潮声 

丘院由戏台、餐厅、儿童活动室围合，成为了公共活动空间的中心。以田野和远山作为线索，碎石道路、土坡山丘是抽象后的山河湖舟，从而实现外景与内院的转换呼应，儿童也能在其中自由的穿梭玩耍。

The mound courtyard is surrounded by a stage, a restaurant, and a children’s activity room, and becomes the center of the public activity space. Taking the fields and distant mountains as clues, the gravel roads and dirt slopes and hills are abstract mountains, rivers, lakes and boats, so as to realize the transformation of the exterior scene and the inner courtyard, and children can also shuttle and play freely in it.

▲延续传统戏台的功能，Continuing the function of the traditional stage ?潮声

▲山形台阶营造趣味空间，Gathering steps to create interesting pace?潮声 

 塔楼-精神灯塔 

Tower - Spiritual Beacon

传统村落多在入口处设置塔楼，既是制高点可俯瞰乡村及周边环境，向村落鸣报情况，亦是村落意识形态以建筑形式的展现。民宿的入口设计以此为原型，也创造出了一座可以眺望田野、水库、村庄的塔楼，它是“聚落”入口的标志，也能让游客留下场所记忆。

Traditional villages often have towers at the entrance, which is not only a commanding height overlooking the village and the surrounding environment, but also a manifestation of the village ideology in the form of architecture. The entrance design of the hotel is based on this, and it also creates a tower overlooking the fields, reservoirs, and villages, which is a symbol of the entrance to the “settlement” and can also make visitors remember the place.

▲塔楼，tower ?潮声

▲从塔楼上遥望水库，View of the reservoir from the tower ?潮声 

建筑外墙的开窗设计，也延续了客家围屋的洞口比例，以当代抽象的形式，将大小不一的小窗洞，随机的布置在塔楼和图书馆的外墙上，形成有趣的立面形式和丰富的光影氛围。

The design of the window also continues the proportion of the openings of the Hakka walled houses, and in the form of contemporary abstraction, small window openings of different sizes are randomly arranged on the outer walls of the tower and the library, forming an interesting fa?ade form and a rich atmosphere of light and shadow.

▲图书馆外墙上密集的小窗口，Dense windows on the exterior wall of the library ?潮声

▲点式与垂直细窗制造出不同的光影效果，Gathering steps to imitate mountains to create ?潮声 

最终，建筑的落成和运营情况回应了业主最初的项目诉求，这里成为孩子们以及其他游客体验乡村生活的乐园，同时延续了客家的文化内涵。

The final completion and operation of the building responds to the owner’s original project appeal, and it becomes a paradise for children and other tourists to experience rural life, while continuing the cultural connotation of Hakka.

▲从主道路上远眺“当代围屋“，View of the contemporary walled houses from the main road?潮声

 技术图纸 

Drawing

▲剖面图，Sectional view?城外建筑

▲总平面图，General layout?城外建筑

▲首层平面图，Overall plan of the first floor ?城外建筑

▲二层平面图，Overall plan of second floor ?城外建筑

▲三层平面图，Overall plan of the third floor ?城外建筑

▲阁楼层平面图，Overall plan of attic?城外建筑